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Fauci says vaccinated individuals ‘would possibly wish to contemplate’ sporting masks indoors

White House senior medical advisor Dr. Anthony Fauci said people who are fully vaccinated should consider wearing masks indoors as a precaution against the rapidly spreading Delta variant in the US

“If you want to walk that extra mile of safety indoors, especially in crowded places, despite being vaccinated, consider wearing a mask,” Fauci said in an interview with CNBC on Wednesday.

Some areas of the United States are reintroducing mask requirements due to spikes in cases. The more transmissible Delta variant now accounts for around 83% of the sequenced Covid-19 cases in the country, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

“It is recommended that you wear a mask if you find yourself in an indoor situation where virus dynamics are high in the community,” Fauci said.

He also said US officials are concerned they are seeing more breakthrough infections in fully vaccinated people in the US, even if they are milder cases.

“Of course we don’t want to see that,” he said, noting that the Delta variant is highly transferable. “This virus is very different from the viruses and variants that we have previously experienced. It has an exceptional ability to transmit from person to person.”

The portability of variants from the original strain has increased, and some have been shown to decrease the effectiveness of vaccines.

“Viruses don’t mutate unless you allow them to replicate and spread through the community. You give them ample time and opportunity to mutate and you have a new variant,” Fauci said. “The easiest, best and most effective way to prevent the emergence of a new variant and destroy the existing Delta variant is to have everyone vaccinated.”

In the United States, 99.5% of Covid deaths are now among unvaccinated people. “This is a statistic that speaks for itself,” said Fauci.

Despite the spike in new cases, Fauci said he doesn’t think US officials will renew calls for a statewide mask mandate “because there will be a lot of headwinds.”

Local counties and private companies may choose to enforce mask requirements as the delta variant spreads more widely in unvaccinated areas of the country. Currently, nearly two-thirds of counties in the United States have vaccinated less than 40% of their residents.

Colleges and universities have also brought the question of mandatory vaccinations to court. Indiana University recently got the go-ahead from a federal judge to require vaccines for college students entering the fall semester.

Fauci said he doesn’t see any comeback from lockdowns anytime soon.

“I don’t see that on the horizon right now,” said Fauci. “What I’m seeing is more tests and more local mandates and a lot of pressure to get people vaccinated.”

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Singapore to introduce totally different guidelines for vaccinated individuals

On May 28th, 2021, people are walking on their lunch break in the Raffles Place financial district in Singapore.

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SINGAPORE – Singapore Introduces New Differentiated Covid Measures For Food As New Cases Keep Rising.

Only fully vaccinated people and people who have recovered from Covid-19 will be able to eat in groups of five without Covid tests when the new rules come into effect on July 19, the Ministry of Health said in a press release on Friday.

These food and beverage stores need to set up systems to check their customers’ vaccination status.

Unvaccinated people need to do rapid antigen tests to group together in groups of five over mealtimes. The food in the restaurant is otherwise limited to groups of two people.

Children under the age of 12 who cannot yet be vaccinated can dine with members of the household without a Covid test. These groups are also limited to five.

Singapore considers people fully vaccinated two weeks after receiving their second dose of Pfizer BioNTech or Moderna vaccines.

Authorities previously said those who received syringes developed by China’s Sinovac Biotech will not receive the same perks as those who were vaccinated with Pfizer BioNTech or Moderna vaccines. Sinovac’s vaccine has not been included in Singapore’s national vaccine program and is only available through a dedicated access route in the city-state.

The latest tightening of measures comes when Singapore announced that a cluster related to so-called KTV lounges has grown to 120 cases.

Night clubs, bars and KTV or karaoke TV lounges have been banned in Singapore since last year due to the coronavirus pandemic. These stores are considered to be high risk as the activities on the premises sometimes result in customers interacting with hostesses and drinking alcoholic beverages.

However, some decided to continue operating as food and beverage outlets. Some of them are suspected of breaking the rules by providing hostess services.

The number of new infections in the community last week is 127, up from 23 the week before, the Ministry of Health said in an update on July 15.

Singapore has reported 62,913 cases of Covid-19 as of July 16.

At a virtual press conference Friday, Health Minister Ong Ye Kung told reporters that 73% of the population have received at least one dose of a vaccine and 45% are fully vaccinated.

Because of the vaccination appointments, that number is expected to rise to 50% next week, he added.

He said the country was “on track” to meet its goal of having two-thirds of its population fully vaccinated by August 9, its national day.

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Covid-19 Delta Variant Widens Gulf Between Vaccinated and Unvaccinated

Während viele Amerikaner das scheinbare Abklingen der Pandemie feiern, wird die Sorge um die sogenannte Delta-Variante immer lauter.

Die Variante, die bisher ansteckendste Version des Coronavirus, macht mehr als die Hälfte der Neuinfektionen in den USA aus, berichteten Bundesgesundheitsbeamte diesen Monat. Die Verbreitung der Variante hat die Biden-Administration zu einem energischen neuen Impfschub veranlasst, und Bundesbeamte planen, medizinische Teams in Gemeinden zu entsenden, die mit Ausbrüchen konfrontiert sind, die jetzt unvermeidlich erscheinen.

Infektionen, Krankenhauseinweisungen und Todesfälle nehmen in einigen Bundesstaaten mit niedrigen Impfraten wie Arkansas, Missouri, Texas und Nevada schnell zu und beginnen in allen anderen kleine Anstiege zu zeigen. Auch in New York City haben sich die Kurven nach oben verschoben, und der Anteil positiver Tests in der Stadt hat sich in den letzten Wochen auf knapp über 1 Prozent verdoppelt.

Landesweit bleiben die Zahlen auf einem der niedrigsten Niveaus seit Beginn der Pandemie, tendieren jedoch wieder langsam nach oben, was eine Debatte darüber auslöst, wann Auffrischungsspritzen zum Schutz der Amerikaner erforderlich sein könnten.

Das Virus hat auch weltweit große Ausbrüche ausgelöst, von Japan und Australien bis Indonesien und Südafrika, was viele Länder dazu zwingt, strenge Beschränkungen für soziale Aktivitäten einzuführen. Selbst an Orten wie Großbritannien, wo weite Teile der Bevölkerung geimpft sind, hat die Delta-Variante die Impfbemühungen überholt, das Ziel der Herdenimmunität weiter außer Reichweite gebracht und ein Ende der Pandemie verschoben.

Wissenschaftler sagen jedoch, dass die Amerikaner, selbst wenn die Zahlen bis zum Herbst weiter steigen, die Schrecken des letzten Winters wahrscheinlich nicht erneut erleben oder in absehbarer Zeit Auffrischungsspritzen benötigen werden.

Wenn Großbritanniens Erfahrung ein Vorbote für das ist, was noch kommen wird, könnte die Gesamtzahl der Infektionen steigen, wenn sich die Delta-Variante in den USA ausbreitet. Krankenhausaufenthalte und Todesfälle werden jedoch wahrscheinlich viel niedriger sein als nach dem Aufkommen früherer Varianten, da sich das Durchschnittsalter der Infizierten nach unten verschoben hat und junge Menschen zu leichten Symptomen neigen.

Ebenso wichtig ist, dass Impfstoffe gegen die Delta-Variante wirksam sind und bereits ein Bollwerk gegen ihre Verbreitung darstellen.

„Ich denke, die Vereinigten Staaten haben sich aus einem national koordinierten Anstieg geimpft, obwohl wir so ziemlich überall Fälle erwarten“, sagte Bill Hanage, Epidemiologe an der Harvard TH Chan School of Public Health.

„Delta erzeugt eine Menge Lärm, aber ich glaube nicht, dass es richtig ist, eine riesige Alarmglocke zu läuten.“

Dennoch wird es wahrscheinlich vereinzelte Ausbrüche in Taschen mit geringer Impfung geben, sagten er und andere Wissenschaftler voraus. Der Grund ist einfach: Das Muster des Schutzes gegen das Coronavirus in den USA ist sehr uneinheitlich.

Im Großen und Ganzen weisen der Westen und Nordosten relativ hohe Impfraten auf, während der Süden die geringsten hat. Die geimpften und ungeimpften „zwei Amerikas“ – wie Dr. Anthony S. Fauci, der führende Berater der Regierung in Bezug auf die Pandemie, sie genannt hat – sind ebenfalls nach politischen Gesichtspunkten gespalten.

Landkreise, die für Herrn Biden gestimmt haben, durchschnittlich höhere Impfraten als diejenigen, die für Donald Trump gestimmt haben. Konservative lehnen Impfungen viel häufiger ab als Demokraten.

„Ich erwarte nicht, dass wir uns der Art von Chaos nähern, die wir zuvor gesehen haben“, sagte Kristian Andersen, Virologe am Scripps Research Institute in San Diego. “Es wird Cluster geben, und zwar in Staaten, in denen Sie niedrige Impfraten haben.”

In einem Land, das seine Pandemie mit einer großflächigen Impfung kurzfristig beenden sollte, ist die Delta-Variante gut darauf ausgelegt, die kulturelle Kluft zu nutzen. Das Virus scheint die schlimmsten Eigenschaften früherer Varianten zu kombinieren, bemerkte Dr. Andersen.

Die Variante wurde erstmals in Indien identifiziert, wo ihr ein überwältigender Anstieg zugeschrieben wird, der die Zahl des Landes auf fast 30 Millionen Infektionen und mindestens 400.000 Todesfälle brachte. Das Virus breitete sich schnell nach Großbritannien aus, wo es jetzt die Quelle von 99 Prozent der Fälle ist. Seitdem ist es in 104 Ländern und allen 50 amerikanischen Bundesstaaten aufgetaucht.

Von Public Health England gesammelte Daten zeigen, dass die Delta-Variante bis zu 60 Prozent ansteckender ist als die Alpha-Variante, die selbst mindestens 50 Prozent ansteckender war als die ursprüngliche Form des Virus. Delta scheint auch in der Lage zu sein, dem Immunsystem teilweise auszuweichen, wie die Beta-Variante, die erstmals in Südafrika identifiziert wurde, wenn auch in geringerem Maße. Und einige Berichte deuten darauf hin, dass Delta schwerere Infektionen verursachen kann.

Aber die Ansteckung macht die Delta-Variante zu einer gewaltigen Bedrohung, sagte Dr. Hanage. „Die Tatsache, dass Delta in diesen ungeimpften Teilen in der Mitte des Landes so schnell angekommen ist und sich so gut entwickelt hat, deutet für mich darauf hin, dass der Löwenanteil seines Vorteils aus dieser verbesserten Übertragbarkeit besteht“, sagte er.

Das bedeutet, dass die Strategien, die gegen frühere Versionen des Virus funktionierten, möglicherweise weniger effektiv sind, um die Ausbreitung von Delta einzudämmen und auf absehbare Zeit die Tür für sporadische Ausbrüche in den Vereinigten Staaten öffnen.

Wer gegen das Coronavirus geimpft wurde, muss sich keine Sorgen machen. Berichte über Infektionen mit der Delta-Variante bei vollständig geimpften Menschen in Israel mögen die Menschen alarmiert haben, aber praktisch alle verfügbaren Daten deuten darauf hin, dass die Impfstoffe einen wirksamen Schutz vor schweren Erkrankungen, Krankenhausaufenthalten und Tod durch alle bestehenden Varianten des Coronavirus bieten.

Selbst eine einzige Dosis von Impfstoffen, die zwei Impfungen erfordert, scheint die schwersten Symptome zu verhindern, obwohl dies eine geringere Barriere gegen symptomatische Erkrankungen darstellt – was es zu einer dringenden Priorität macht, Menschen an Orten wie Großbritannien, die sich dafür entschieden haben, die erste Dosis zu priorisieren, dringende Priorität.

Wie in Israel hat Großbritannien Delta-Infektionen bei geimpften Menschen gesehen, aber sie waren hauptsächlich bei Menschen, die großen Mengen des Virus ausgesetzt waren – zum Beispiel Gesundheitspersonal, Taxi- und Busfahrer – und bei denen, die möglicherweise eine schwache Immunantwort aufgebaut haben, weil ihres Alters oder Gesundheitszustands, sagte Dr. Muge Cevik, Experte für Infektionskrankheiten an der University of St. Andrews in Schottland und wissenschaftlicher Berater der britischen Regierung.

In Ländern mit niedrigen Impfraten hat die Delta-Variante jedoch fruchtbaren Boden gefunden. In Afrika, wo nur etwa 1 Prozent der Bevölkerung vollständig geimpft ist, verdoppelt sich die Prävalenz der Variante etwa alle drei Wochen. Die Zahl der Fälle auf dem gesamten Kontinent stieg in der Woche zum 27. Juni im Vergleich zur Vorwoche um 25 Prozent und die Zahl der Todesfälle um 15 Prozent.

In den Vereinigten Staaten ist die Situation viel weniger schlimm, wo fast 60 Prozent der Erwachsenen vollständig geimpft sind. Sogar Mississippi, der Staat mit der niedrigsten Impfrate, hat 43 Prozent der Erwachsenen geschützt. Bundesweit ist Covid-19 von der führenden Todesursache im Januar auf die siebte mit durchschnittlich 330 Todesfällen pro Tag zurückgegangen.

In Landkreisen, in denen weniger als 30 Prozent der Einwohner vollständig geimpft sind, nehmen die Fälle jedoch schnell zu. Und der Trend wird sich wahrscheinlich beschleunigen, wenn das Wetter abkühlt und die Menschen nach drinnen gehen, wo das Virus gedeiht.

Wenn die Prävalenz in diesen Gemeinden hoch genug ansteigt, besteht auch für geimpfte Menschen das Risiko einer Ansteckung, wenn auch nicht einer schweren Erkrankung. Darüber hinaus kann die Variante Möglichkeiten finden, weiter im Umlauf zu bleiben.

Eine kürzlich durchgeführte Studie verband 47 Infektionsfälle mit der Delta-Variante mit einer Indoor-Sporthalle, darunter drei Personen, die eine Dosis des Pfizer-BioNTech- oder Moderna-Impfstoffs erhalten hatten, und vier Personen, die vollständig immunisiert waren.

Verstehen Sie die Covid-Krise in Indien

„Wenn es eine Population von ungeimpften Personen gibt, können die Impfstoffe ihre Aufgabe wirklich nicht erfüllen“, sagte Stacia Wyman, Expertin für Computergenomik an der University of California, Berkeley. “Und das ist, wo Delta wirklich ein Problem ist.”

Großbritanniens Erfahrungen mit der Delta-Variante haben gezeigt, wie wichtig nicht nur die Impfung ist, sondern auch die ihr zugrunde liegende Strategie. Das Land ordnete die Impfungen streng nach Alter an, angefangen bei den ältesten bis hin zu wenigen Ausnahmen für jüngere wichtige Arbeiter außerhalb des medizinischen Berufes.

Das bedeutete, dass die Schwächsten zuerst geschützt wurden, während der sozial aktivste Teil der Bevölkerung – jüngere Menschen – bis vor kurzem weitgehend ungeschützt war. Jüngere Menschen waren maßgeblich an der Verbreitung des Virus beteiligt.

In England bekam jeder in seinen späten Teenager- und Zwanzigerjahren erst Mitte Juni, zwei Monate später als in den Vereinigten Staaten, Anspruch auf eine Spritze, und viele warten immer noch auf eine zweite Dosis. Diese zweiten Dosen sind mit der Verbreitung von Delta umso wichtiger geworden, da die Variante in einigen Fällen die ersten Dosen übertrifft.

In einer Studie, die letzte Woche in der Zeitschrift Nature veröffentlicht wurde, konnten nur etwa 10 Prozent der Blutproben von Personen, die eine Dosis des AstraZeneca- oder Pfizer-BioNtech-Impfstoffs erhielten, die Delta-Variante neutralisieren, verglichen mit 95 Prozent derjenigen, die eine Dosis erhielten beide Dosen. (Andere Studien legen jedoch nahe, dass eine Einzeldosis mindestens ausreicht, um schwere Erkrankungen und den Tod zu verhindern.)

Mehr als 90 Prozent der Menschen über 55 sind in Großbritannien vollständig geimpft. Das hat den Tribut an Krankenhäusern nach der Verbreitung der Delta-Variante nicht ganz abgemildert: Die Patienteneinweisungen steigen in den letzten Tagen ebenso schnell wie die Fälle, ein Hinweis darauf, dass einige Infektionen immer noch unweigerlich zu schweren Erkrankungen führen. Der Anteil der Fälle, die zu Krankenhauseinweisungen führten, ist jedoch geringer als in den vorherigen Wellen.

„Das tatsächliche Übertragungsmuster konzentriert sich wirklich stark auf die ungeimpfte Bevölkerung, die in Großbritannien fast ausschließlich junge Menschen sind“, sagte Jeffrey Barrett, der die Coronavirus-Sequenzierungsinitiative am Wellcome Sanger Institute leitet. “Man bekommt Fälle, aber sie werden normalerweise nicht sehr krank.”

In den USA verzeichnen einige Bundesstaaten bereits einen Anstieg der Krankenhauseinweisungen. Auch wenn diese Zahlen im Vergleich zum letzten Winter gering bleiben, werden sie Krankenhäuser in Bundesstaaten wie Oregon, die aufgrund anderer Faktoren, wie der Hitzewelle, bereits voll ausgelastet sind, belasten.

“Wir haben nicht wirklich einen großen Spielraum für Fehler”, sagte Brian O’Roak, ein Genetiker an der Oregon Health and Science University in Portland. “Wenn wir einen starken Anstieg der Krankenhauseinweisungen sehen, werden wir wieder da sein, wo wir beim letzten Anstieg waren.”

In den vorangegangenen Wellen gab es in den USA einen sauberen, linearen Zusammenhang zwischen der Zahl der Infektionen, Krankenhausaufenthalte und Todesfälle. Glücklicherweise gelten diese Muster nicht für die Delta-Variante, da ein großer Teil der Menschen mit dem höchsten Risiko inzwischen geimpft wurde.

Das Land öffnete auch Impfungen für alle Erwachsenen und sogar für 12- bis 17-Jährige, die Übertragungsketten effektiver unterbrechen können als in Großbritannien.

Der in Großbritannien vertriebene AstraZeneca-Impfstoff scheint bei der Vorbeugung von Infektionen mit Delta weniger wirksam zu sein als die in den Vereinigten Staaten verbreiteteren mRNA-Impfstoffe. Auch das könnte den USA einen Vorteil gegenüber der Variante verschaffen.

Aufgrund der teilweisen Fähigkeit von Delta, das Immunsystem zu untergraben, scheint die Rate der Durchbruchinfektionen – Fälle, die trotz Impfung auftreten – bei der Variante mit Ausnahme von Beta höher zu sein als bei früheren Formen des Virus.

Viele Experten befürchten, dass selbst leichte Infektionen das Risiko für sogenanntes Long-Covid erhöhen, die Konstellation von Symptomen, die Monate nach Abklingen einer aktiven Infektion bestehen bleiben kann. Das warf eine erschreckende Aussicht auf: eine Zunahme von Langzeiterkrankungen in ungeimpften Regionen.

Aber viele Wissenschaftler glauben jetzt, dass es unwahrscheinlich ist, dass Durchbruchinfektionen das Syndrom verursachen. Wenn eine geimpfte Person infiziert ist, kann das Virus einige Replikationsrunden durchlaufen, aber “die Immunantwort ist so schnell und so robust, dass sie die Infektion im Grunde stoppt”, sagte Angela Rasmussen, Virologin bei Vaccine und Organisation für Infektionskrankheiten an der University of Saskatchewan in Kanada.

Die Coronavirus-Pandemie begann als Flickenteppich in den USA, und die Delta-Variante scheint das Muster wahrscheinlich wiederherzustellen, glauben viele Experten. Und das Virus wird wahrscheinlich nicht die letzte ernsthafte Bedrohung sein. Bereits die in Brasilien identifizierte Gamma-Variante hat im Bundesstaat Washington Fuß gefasst, und eine neuere Variante, Lambda, ist in Südamerika auf dem Vormarsch.

„Die Leute sind positiv gesinnt, aber das ist erst der Anfang“, sagt Ravindra Gupta, Virologe an der University of Cambridge. “Das wird ein langsames Brennen.”

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Most absolutely vaccinated individuals who get Covid delta infections are asymptomatic, WHO says

World Health Organization Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus R speaks at a daily briefing in Geneva, Switzerland.

Chen Junxia | Xinhua News Agency | Getty Images

People fully vaccinated against Covid-19 still get the Delta variant, but global health officials said the vaccinations saved most people from getting seriously ill or dying.

“There are reports that vaccinated populations have cases of infection, particularly with the Delta variant,” said Dr. Soumya Swaminathan, the chief scientist of the World Health Organization, at a press conference on Monday. “Most of these are mild or asymptomatic infections.”

However, hospital admissions are on the rise in some parts of the world, especially where vaccination rates are low and the highly contagious Delta variant is spreading, she said.

In the US, officials said virtually all recent hospital admissions and deaths from Covid have occurred in people who have not been vaccinated. Breakthrough infections are rare, and about 75% of people who die or are hospitalized after being vaccinated with Covid are over 65, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

“The Delta variant is spreading around the world at a breakneck pace, driving the number of cases and deaths again. However, the same hit does not suffer everywhere,” said WHO Director General Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “We are in the midst of a growing two-pronged pandemic, with the haves and the have-nots growing divergent within and between countries in high-vaccination locations.”

The variant spreads quickly and infects unprotected and vulnerable people, he said.

Swaminathan warned that vaccinated people can still get Covid and pass it on to others, which is why WHO officials have urged people to continue wearing masks and practice social distancing. “But it certainly greatly reduces your chances of severe hospitalization and death,” she added.

Some studies have shown that those who are infected with Covid after vaccination produce much fewer virus than those who are not vaccinated, which reduces the risk of spreading the virus to others. WHO officials said more studies are needed to understand the impact of the vaccines on transmissibility.

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CDC says totally vaccinated academics and college students needn’t put on masks indoors in up to date steering

Students wearing masks listen to teacher Dorene Scala during third grade summer school at Hooper Avenue School on June 23, 2021, in Los Angeles.

Carolyn Cole | Los Angeles Times | Getty Images

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention updated its public health guidance for schools Friday, saying fully vaccinated teachers and students don’t need to wear masks inside school buildings.

The CDC’s new guidance comes about two months after federal health officials permitted the use of the Pfizer-BioNTech Covid vaccine for kids ages 12 to 15, allowing middle and high school students to get the shots ahead of the fall school semester.

Teachers and students who are not vaccinated should still continue to wear masks indoors, the U.S. agency said, adding the practice is especially important when inside and in crowded settings, when social distancing cannot be maintained.

The agency also said it still recommends that students remain at least 3 feet apart in classrooms, combined with indoor mask wearing by people who are not fully vaccinated, to reduce the risk of transmission of the virus.

“When it is not possible to maintain a physical distance of at least 3 feet, such as when schools cannot fully re-open while maintaining these distances, it is especially important to layer multiple other prevention strategies, such as indoor masking,” the CDC wrote in its guidance.

The CDC’s recommendation will likely have no impact on students under 12, who are currently ineligible to get a Covid vaccine in the U.S.

The updated guidance comes as several states across the U.S. have largely done away with their mask requirements, social distancing and other pandemic-related restrictions because the Covid vaccines have helped drive down the number of new infections and deaths.

In mid-May, the CDC said fully vaccinated people didn’t need to wear masks in most settings, whether indoors or outdoors. They are still expected to wear masks on public transportation, the agency said, such as on airplanes, buses and trains. The federal government’s mask mandate on public transportation is scheduled to expire on Sept. 13 unless the CDC extends it once again.

The guidance may be controversial as scientists and other health experts say indoor mask mandates many make a return this fall, particularly in low vaccinated states, as the highly transmissible delta variant spreads across the U.S.

Already the dominant variant in the U.S., delta will hit the states with the lowest vaccination rates the hardest — unless those states and businesses reintroduce mask rules, capacity limits and other public health measures that they’ve largely rolled back in recent months, experts say.

This is a developing story. Please check back for updates.

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Time Is Operating Out to Get U.S. College students Vaccinated by Fall

In the middle of summer, the school may seem blissfully distant to American students. But for many eligible, time may be running out to return to school: a full vaccination against the coronavirus before classes resume.

Many of the country’s 13,000+ counties, particularly in the south and southwest, plan to start the 2021-22 school year well before Labor Day. Completing a regimen of Pfizer-BioNTech’s vaccine, the only vaccine now approved for 12 to 17 year olds, takes a minimum of five weeks for the two vaccinations to be given and for full protection to be achieved. In many of these early-starting districts, students would need to get their first dose in the next few days to be fully immune in time.

In the Hamilton County School District, Tennessee, the first day of school is scheduled for August 12th. From then on, the students would have to get their first shot no later than Thursday in order to be fully protected by the opening day.

Cody Patterson, a spokesman for the district, which includes Chattanooga and serves 45,000 students, recently said that while vaccinations are not mandatory for the new school year, the district made it clear to parents “that we believe vaccination is a key strategy to get around to keep the school ”. to open.”

Mr Patterson said individual schools in the district would likely accept students on a case-by-case basis if they were concerned about completing their vaccinations.

Schools across the country were closed and switched to online classes when the pandemic broke out last year. But as the pandemic progressed, research showed that elementary and secondary schools weren’t the main drivers of infection.

Colleges are a different matter, with a number of breakouts on campus. Many colleges (along with some private secondary schools) require vaccinations to allow students to attend in person this fall. This is more difficult for public middle and high schools for legal and other reasons, and a spokesman for the American Federation of Teachers recently said the union was not aware of any U.S. school district that required vaccinations.

Updated

July 7, 2021 at 11:27 p.m. ET

A vaccine for 12 to 15 year olds has only been available in the US since May. In many states, teenagers require parental consent to be vaccinated. No vaccine is yet approved for children under 12 years of age.

Michael Poore, the superintendent of the Little Rock School District in Arkansas, recently said the district contacted parents, worked with local health officials, and did extensive publicity work on local and social media to convince students and their parents to get a vaccine to get.

The district also hosted vaccination events at its 11 middle and high schools, he said, but only 300 to 400 of the district’s approximately 11,000 eligible students received vaccinations at the events.

School in Little Rock begins August 16th. In order to be fully protected by then, students would have to receive their first dose by Monday.

“We’re really going to be pushing the vaccines in August,” said Mr Poore, “because if you haven’t received the vaccination and are in close proximity to someone who has the virus, you must be quarantined.”

In some places, it’s too late for unvaccinated students to fully protect themselves before school, such as the Chandler Unified School District in Arizona, which will reopen on July 21.

Kimberly Guevara, a district spokeswoman, said the district recently informed parents when the vaccine was approved for teenagers and told them how to get a vaccination, but “we will not force vaccinations on students.”

Ms. Guevara said that she and the eligible members of her family were vaccinated as soon as possible.

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5 vaccinated international locations with excessive Covid charges depend on China vaccines

Covid-19 vaccines from Chinese companies Sinopharm (left) and Sinovac arrived at Phnom Penh International Airport in Cambodia on June 8, 2021.

Sovannara | Xinhua News Agency | Getty Images

Among the countries with both high vaccination rates and high Covid-19 infection rates, most rely on vaccines made in China, a CNBC analysis shows.

The results come as the effectiveness of Chinese vaccines comes under increasing scrutiny, compounded by a lack of data on their protection against the more transmissible Delta variant. CNBC found that weekly population-adjusted Covid cases have remained elevated in at least six of the world’s most heavily vaccinated countries – and five of them rely on vaccines from China.

CNBC identified 36 countries with more than 1,000 weekly new confirmed cases per million people on July 6, using figures from Our World in Data, which compiles information from sources such as the World Health Organization, governments and Oxford University researchers. CNBC then identified countries among those 36 where more than 60% of the population had received at least one dose of the Covid vaccine.

There were six countries, and five of them use Chinese vaccines as an essential part of their national vaccination programs: United Arab Emirates, Seychelles, Mongolia, Uruguay, and Chile. The only country among them that does not rely on Chinese vaccines is the United Kingdom.

The UK has now approved vaccines from Moderna, AstraZeneca-Oxford, Pfizer-BioNTech and Janssen. Covid cases in the UK have increased in recent weeks as the more transmissible Delta variant has spread there.

Sinopharm and Sinovac did not respond to CNBC requests for comment.

Several factors can lead to an increase in Covid cases in countries with high vaccination rates. Vaccines do not offer one hundred percent protection, so those who are vaccinated can still get infected. At the same time, new variants of the coronavirus might prove better at overcoming vaccines.

The best option for many countries

Countries shouldn’t stop using Covid-19 vaccines from China, epidemiologists say, especially when vaccine supplies are limited in low- and middle-income countries.

Many of the countries and territories that have approved Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines are developing countries that cannot compete with wealthier countries for vaccines developed in the United States and Europe.

Ben Cowling, a professor in the University of Hong Kong’s School of Public Health, said countries could choose to use certain vaccines depending on their long-term goals.

“Some countries may accept low prevalence as long as there are relatively few serious cases and deaths from COVID-19,” Cowling, who heads the school’s epidemiology and biostatistics department, told CNBC in an email. “That should be achievable with a high coverage of all available vaccines.”

However, some countries avoid vaccines in China. Costa Rica turned down shipments of vaccines developed by Sinovac last month after it concluded they were not effective enough.

WHO approval

The World Health Organization has approved Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines for emergency use.

The two Chinese vaccines are less effective than Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna, both of which have shown greater than 90% effectiveness.

Sinopharm’s vaccine is 79% effective against symptomatic Covid infections, the WHO says, but its effectiveness in certain groups – such as people over 60 – is not clear. The effectiveness of Sinovac’s shot ranges from around 50% to over 80%, depending on the country in which the trials took place.

Experts say that the results cannot be directly compared between clinical trials because each study is structured differently. However, a study in Hong Kong found “significantly higher” antibody levels in people who received the BioNTech injection compared to those who received the Sinovac vaccine, the South China Morning Post reported.

Some experts suggest that the technology behind the various Covid vaccines could explain differences in their effectiveness.

Sinopharm and Sinovac vaccines trigger an immune response by exposing the body to a weakened or “inactivated” virus – a proven method that vaccines have used for decades. Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna based their vaccines on a technology called messenger RNA, which instructs the body to make viral proteins that trigger an immune response.

“Inactivated vaccines are easy to make and are known for their safety, but tend to have a weaker immune response compared to some other vaccine types,” wrote Michael Head, Senior Research Fellow on Global Health at the University of Southampton in the UK, in an article, published on The Conversation website.

Still, large phase three clinical trials showed that inactivated vaccines were “highly effective against serious illness and death” from Covid, Cowling said.

The professor told CNBC that the spikes in Covid cases in some countries using Chinese vaccines “are typically an increase in mild infections with very few severe cases in fully vaccinated people”.

‘Herd Immunity’

When vaccines are less effective, more people need to be vaccinated to achieve “herd immunity”. This happens when the virus stops being transmitted quickly because most people are immune to vaccination or have recovered from an infection.

Some countries decided to try to achieve herd immunity at the beginning of the pandemic, but are not known to have succeeded. Some who said they would achieve herd immunity, like Sweden, have been hit much harder by Covid than neighboring countries that have taken the vaccination route.

A study by the Kirby Institute at the University of New South Wales in Sydney claimed that in the Australian state of New South Wales, herd immunity could be achieved if 66% of the population were given vaccines that were 90% effective against all infections.

The percentage of the population who needs to be vaccinated increases to 86% when vaccine effectiveness is 70%, and herd immunity is not achievable when vaccine effectiveness is below 60%, the study showed.

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Who can journey to Phuket? Vaccinated vacationers who comply with guidelines

From July 1, tourists can visit Phuket without quarantine for the first time since March 2020.

In Thailand’s much-discussed “sandbox” pilot, the largest island has reopened to vaccinated travelers willing to stick to a laundry list of rules designed to safely resume tourism amid the pandemic.

The plan depends on a concerted vaccination campaign to vaccinate 70% of Phuket’s population, a goal local authorities achieved earlier this month as 74% of the population were vaccinated.

Local media has questioned this number, which is in stark contrast to Thailand’s nationwide immunization rate of around 4%. But confirmed Covid cases have dropped dramatically in Phuket. The island saw single-digit daily cases this week, while Thailand reported its third highest daily case count – 5,406 infections – overall on June 27.

The “sandbox” plan makes Phuket a testing ground for protocols which, if successful, are likely to roll out in other parts of Thailand – and possibly other destinations in Southeast Asia – later this year.

A test of the tourists’ appetite for rules

But Phuket, like most of Southeast Asia, doesn’t make it easy for tourists to enter.

According to the Thai Tourism Authority (TAT), to avoid quarantine in Phuket, visitors must provide:

  • A vaccination card with a vaccine approved by the World Health Organization or Thai Health Authorities issued at least 14 days prior to arrival; Children traveling with you are allowed
  • A negative RT-PCR test (performed within 72 hours of departure)
  • A minimum of $ 100,000 in health insurance to cover the stay
  • An admission known as a certificate of entry to enter
  • Proof of payment for a 14-day stay and necessary Covid tests or for a stay of less than two weeks, travelers must also present confirmed departures from Thailand
  • Evidence that travelers have spent the past 21 days in a low or medium risk country on a list on the Thai Department of Disease Control website that is mainly in Thai

A selection of countries and territories on Thailand’s list

Australia, Cambodia, Canada, Chile, China, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Israel, Italy, Myanmar, New Zealand, Norway, Russia, Singapore, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Taiwan, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States

Source: TAT; updated June 29; List not exhaustive

Upon arrival, travelers must undergo a health screening and download a monitoring application called ThailandPlus. They also have to do and pay for a Covid-19 test and wait for the results at their hotel. Additional tests are required on travel day 6 or 7, for longer stays again on day 12 or 13.

Those who tested negative can travel freely around Phuket and other parts of Thailand after 14 days, as long as they practice social distancing, undergo temperature checks and wear masks, according to the tourism authority’s website.

Masks are required in public areas such as the beach and in cars.

Authorities recommend tourists to use SHA + restaurants and taxis in Phuket, but do not have to.

Pakin Songmor | Moment | Getty Images

Tourists are required to pay in advance and stay in hotels or host families that are “SHA +” certified, which means they have met safety and health agency measures and vaccinated more than 70% of the staff.

Anyone who tests positive “will be referred to specific health facilities at their own expense for medical treatment,” according to the TAT website.

More visitors than Rome in happier times

With almost 11 million arrivals, Phuket was the 15th most visited city in the world in 2019, according to a report by consultancy Euromonitor International entitled “Top 100 City Destinations”.

Wedged between Mumbai (No. 14) and Rome (No. 16), the island, with its estimated 420,000 inhabitants, towered above the list of international travelers but no domestic visitors, day-trippers and cruise passengers.

The entire travel industry awaits the reopening of Phuket.

Jade Chandhakant

Regional Director of Trip.com

Despite the island’s popularity, Phuket reopening is expected to be subdued. Spring Covid outbreaks in Thailand, combined with meandering schedules, rule changes, and late government approval for the “sandbox” program last week, may have put off summer tourists who have likely made other plans by now.

There is a preference for domestic travel and a persistent aversion to flying among countries returning summer, especially the types of long-haul flights required to reach Thailand from the United States or Europe.

Thailand’s neighbors are unlikely to pack their bags either. Tourism has not started in earnest again anywhere in Southeast Asia, where strict quarantines and sluggish vaccination campaigns have nearly ended the summer tourist prospects.

Unvaccinated tourists can visit Phuket but must be quarantined for 14 nights in designated hotels.

Pone-Pluck | Moment | Getty Images

That’s not good news for Thailand, as almost 72% of its overnight guests were from Asia in 2019, according to the United Nations World Tourism Organization. Almost a quarter of all tourists to Thailand come from China, which does not yet allow residents to travel freely for leisure tourism.

According to the Bangkok Post, 1,500 people are expected to arrive in Phuket, which would be a long way from the daily average of 25,000 tourists it received before the pandemic.

But it’s a start, and Thai officials hope to replicate it elsewhere soon.

What’s next?

With its sugar-sweet beaches and lively nightlife, Phuket isn’t the only “sandpit” Thailand has in the making.

The islands of Koh Samui, Koh Pha Ngan and Koh Tao were reopened to vaccinated travelers on July 15 following a similar scheme. The cultural enclave of Chiang Mai, a city in the north of the country, could soon follow suit.

If Thailand’s sandbox program proves successful, other countries could take similar action, said Jade Chandhakant, Trip.com’s regional director for Thailand and Vietnam.

According to the Thai Tourism Authority, direct flights to Phuket are operated by British Airways, Cathay Pacific, Emirates, Etihad Airways, Qatar Airways, Singapore Airlines and Thai Airways.

Pakin Songmor | Moment | Getty Images

“The entire travel industry is expecting Phuket to reopen,” he said. “We hope that the reopening of Phuket will mark the beginning of more ‘sandboxes’ and that this is a surefire way to resume recreational tourism in Southeast Asia.”

As for Thailand, whatever the outcome, the country may push for a reopening. Prime Minister Prayuth Chan-ocha indicated in a speech on June 16 that his goal was to open all of Thailand by mid-October.

He said Thailand “cannot wait for a time when everyone is fully vaccinated with two vaccinations to open the country or when the world is free of the virus”.

“I know there is some risk involved in making this decision because if we open up the country there will be an increase in infections no matter how good our precautions are,” he said. “Now is the time to take this calculated risk.”

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Health

WHO urges absolutely vaccinated individuals to proceed to put on masks as variant spreads

People wear face masks in Central Park on April 10, 2021 in New York City.

Noam Galai | Getty Images

The World Health Organization on Friday urged fully vaccinated people to continue to wear masks, social distance and practice other Covid-19 pandemic safety measures as the highly contagious delta variant spreads rapidly across the globe.

“People cannot feel safe just because they had the two doses. They still need to protect themselves,” Dr. Mariangela Simao, WHO assistant director-general for access to medicines and health products, said during a news briefing from the agency’s Geneva headquarters.

“Vaccine alone won’t stop community transmission,” Simao added. “People need to continue to use masks consistently, be in ventilated spaces, hand hygiene … the physical distance, avoid crowding. This still continues to be extremely important, even if you’re vaccinated when you have a community transmission ongoing.”

The health organization’s comments come as some countries, including the United States, have largely done away with masks and pandemic-related restrictions as the Covid vaccines have helped drive down the number of new infections and deaths.

The number of new infections in the U.S. has held steady over the last week at an average of 11,659 new cases per day, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. Still, new infections have been plummeting over the last several months.

WHO officials said they are asking fully vaccinated people to continue to “play it safe” because a large portion of the world remains unvaccinated and highly contagious variants, like delta, are spreading in many countries, spurring outbreaks.

The Wall Street Journal reported Friday that about half of adults infected in an outbreak of the delta variant in Israel were fully vaccinated with the Pfizer-BioNTech vaccine, prompting the government there to reimpose an indoor mask requirement and other measures.

“Yes, you can reduce some measures and different countries have different recommendations in that regard. But there’s still the need for caution,” Dr. Bruce Aylward, a senior advisor to the WHO’s director-general, said at the briefing. “As we are seeing, there are new variants emerging.”

The WHO said last week that delta is becoming the dominant variant of the disease worldwide.

WHO officials have said the variant, first found in India but now in at least 92 countries, is the fastest and fittest coronavirus strain yet, and it will “pick off” the most vulnerable people, especially in places with low Covid vaccination rates.

They said there were reports that the delta variant also causes more severe symptoms, but that more research is needed to confirm those conclusions. Still, there are signs the delta strain could provoke different symptoms than other variants.

It has the potential “to be more lethal because it’s more efficient in the way it transmits between humans and it will eventually find those vulnerable individuals who will become severely ill, have to be hospitalized and potentially die,” Dr. Mike Ryan, executive director of the WHO’s health emergencies program, said Monday.

In the U.S., President Joe Biden said Covid deaths nationwide will continue to rise due to the spread of the “dangerous” delta variant, calling it a “serious concern.”

He warned that Americans who are still unvaccinated are especially at risk.

“Six hundred thousand-plus Americans have died, and with this delta variant you know there’s going to be others as well. You know it’s going to happen. We’ve got to get young people vaccinated,” Biden said Thursday at a community center in Raleigh, North Carolina

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C.D.C. Advisers to Focus on Uncommon Coronary heart Issues in Vaccinated Youth

Advisors to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention will meet on Wednesday to address reports of rare heart problems in young people immunized with Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna’s coronavirus vaccines.

The reports pertain to conditions called myocarditis, inflammation of the heart muscle; and pericarditis, inflammation of the membrane surrounding the heart. Most of the cases were mild, with symptoms such as fatigue, chest pain, and irregular heartbeat that go away quickly. The agency is tracking nearly 800 reports, although not all of them have definitely been linked to the vaccines.

The CDC advisors meeting comes as the Biden administration publicly recognizes it expects to miss its goal of partially immunizing 70 percent of Americans by July 4th.

Experts have said that the benefits of vaccination far outweigh the risk of potential problems, but they are expected to revisit this debate, especially for adolescents and young adults.

More than half of heart problems were reported in Americans ages 12 to 24, while that age group accounted for only 9 percent of the millions of doses given. The numbers are higher than one would expect for this age.

As of May 31, 216 people had developed myocarditis or pericarditis after a dose of either vaccine and 573 after the second dose. While most of the cases were mild, 15 patients remained in hospitals at this point. The second dose of Pfizer BioNTech vaccine was associated with approximately twice as many cases as the second dose of Moderna’s vaccine.

“We look forward to more clarity about the potential risk of myocarditis after mRNA vaccines in order to increase vaccination confidence and rates,” said Dr. Yvonne Maldonado, Chair of the Committee on Infectious Diseases at the American Academy of Pediatrics.

Recommendations from CDC advisors after Wednesday’s meeting may also influence decisions about immunizing children under 12 if vaccines are available for that age group. Some experts have questioned whether the benefits to children outweigh the potential risks given the low likelihood of serious illness in young children.

The CDC strongly recommends Covid-19 vaccines for Americans 12 and older. The agency reported this month that Covid-19-related hospitalizations among teenagers in the United States were about three times higher than influenza-related hospitalizations for the past three flu seasons.

By June 10, according to the American Academy of Pediatrics, nearly 17,000 children in 24 states had been hospitalized for Covid-19 and 330 children had died.