Categories
Politics

In First Talks, Dueling Accusations Set Testy Tone for U.S.-China Diplomacy

ANCHOR – Even ahead of the Biden government’s first face-to-face meeting with senior Chinese diplomats on Thursday, American officials predicted the discussions would not go well. You were right: the traditional few minutes of opening greetings and remarks dissolved into more than an hour of very public verbal struggle, confirming the expected tone of confrontation between the geopolitical rivals.

US officials said the two days of talks would continue, but immediately accused the Chinese delegation of violating the format for the sensitive discussions that sought to find common ground amid the many points of conflict between them.

Yang Jiechi, China’s top diplomat, accused the United States of taking a “condescending” approach to the talks, saying the American delegation had no right to accuse Beijing of human rights abuses or to speak on the virtues of democracy.

At one point, he said the United States would do well to resolve its own “deep-seated” problems, particularly pointing out the Black Lives Matter movement against American racism. Second, after it appeared that the opening speech had ended and journalists were initially asked to leave the room to allow deeper discussions to begin, Mr. Yang accused the United States of inconsistent advocacy of a free press.

“I don’t think the vast majority of countries in the world would recognize the universal values ​​held by the United States or that the opinions of the United States could represent international public opinion,” Yang said through an interpreter. “And these countries would not recognize that the rules serve as the basis for international order for a small number of people.”

Secretary of State Antony J. Blinken seemed surprised, but took on a more determined tone. He opened the talks with an anodyne recitation of topics to be covered in the three roundtables over two days – from working together to fight climate change and fighting the pandemic to American concerns about Chinese trade policy and military aggression. Mr. Blinken also said that China’s human rights violations “threaten the rules-based order that sustains global stability.”

But after protracted comments from Mr. Yang, which American officials cited as violating an agreement that limited the opening speech to two minutes, Mr. Blinken asked about a dozen journalists to stand for his response.

In an implicit opposition to China, Mr Blinken said the United States had a long history of openly confronting its shortcomings “not trying to ignore them, not pretending that they didn’t exist, they under the rug, too sweep “. And he recalled a meeting between Joseph R. Biden Jr. and Xi Jinping more than a decade ago when both men who now run their respective countries were vice presidents.

“It is never a good bet to bet against America,” Mr Biden said at the time, according to Mr Blinken, who added: “That remains true to this day.”

When the journalists were again told to leave after the American response, Mr. Yang turned directly to the television cameras and said in English, “Wait.” He then began another lengthy criticism of US policy.

Within an hour, Beijing’s diplomats repeatedly criticized new economic sanctions that were imposed on 24 Chinese officials on the eve of the talks. “This is not how you should welcome your guests,” said Chinese Foreign Minister Wang Yi.

The sanctions punished Chinese officials who the Biden government said had undermined democracy in Hong Kong by rewriting the territory’s electoral laws and promoting the changes through the Communist Party-controlled legislature. Biden administration officials had previously said the sanctions were not deliberately planned to affect talks in Anchorage.

But they clearly insulted the Chinese diplomats, who they used as evidence that the diplomatic overture was not intended to establish ground rules for a bilateral understanding of each capital’s priorities, but rather to provide the United States with a platform on which to embarrass Beijing can be.

The title, which a high-ranking US official later described as “outstanding” by the Chinese for his domestic audience, left little doubt that little would be achieved with the diplomatic discussions.

Following an often conflicting strategy for dealing with China over the past four years, President Donald J. Trump’s desire for a trade deal opposes punishing Beijing for rampant abuse of minority Uyghurs, military aggression in regional waters and refusal to address the problem Address Immediately Challenges Coronavirus Outbreak – The Biden government has attempted a fresh approach.

The new policy towards China is largely based on economic and diplomatic competition, but is also ready to take turns working together or confronting Beijing if necessary. The discussions in Anchorage should provide a basis for this approach.

It is now unclear how much cooperation will be possible between the two nations, although it will be necessary to achieve a number of common goals, including limiting Iran’s nuclear program and North Korean weapon systems.

Senior government officials in Biden had previously joked that hopes of much progress in the talks were so low that it would be more efficient for both sides to simply fax about their respective topics of conversation.

Categories
World News

Biden and Xi provide dueling worldviews on methods to form the globe

Chinese President Xi Jinping shakes hands with US Vice President Joe Biden (L) in the Great Hall of the People in Beijing on December 4, 2013.

Lintao Zhang | Reuters

Who will organize the world? And which forces and whose interests will shape the global future?

These were the underlying questions behind two events last week, one in Washington and one in Beijing, that set the stage for the geopolitical competition of our time.

The DC piece was President Joe Biden’s release of the Interim National Security Strategic Guidance, which was unprecedented in a new administration at the time. Biden’s goal was to create clarity at an early stage about how he wants to set and implement priorities in a rapidly changing world.

State Secretary Antony Blinken set out the considerations behind the guidelines in his first major speech since taking office. It was persuasive and underscored the urgent need to sustain US democracy and revitalize America’s alliances and partnerships.

“Like it or not, the world doesn’t organize itself,” said Blinken. “If the US pulls back, one of two things is likely to happen: either another country tries to take our place, but not in a way that promotes our interests and values, or maybe just as badly, no one comes up and then we get Chaos and all the dangers it creates. Either way, it’s not good for America. “

Relations with China, which Blinken described as “the greatest geopolitical test of the 21st century”, are the key to this organizational thinking.

Blinken said: “China is the only country with economic, diplomatic, military and technological power that seriously questions the stable and open international system – all the rules, values ​​and relationships that make the world work the way we do want because it is so. ” ultimately serves the interests and reflects the values ​​of the American people. “

Biden’s biggest departure from the Trump approach in China is an emphasis on working with partners and allies. The move by the US and the European Union this week to ease trade tensions, suspend a long list of tariffs and the Airbus-Boeing dispute over government subsidies underscores the seriousness of President Biden.

Unsurprisingly, Beijing offers a different view of the future at last week’s second key event, the National People’s Congress, which convened on Friday and will continue next week.

President Xi sees the momentum on Beijing’s side in a world where “the east is rising and the west is falling”. His argument is that contrary to the chaos of the United States, China offers order and contrary to Washington’s ineffectiveness, which is demonstrated by how much better it has dealt with the pathogen it released.

Xi’s most comprehensive blow on how China would organize the world took place in late January at this year’s virtually convened World Economic Forum. The title of the speech underscored her overall ambition: “Let the torch of multilateralism light the path of humanity forward.”

If the Biden vision is for the US to create a group of resuscitated Democratic sisters and brothers inspired by the resuscitated United States, Xi’s vision is a world where the political system, culture, and society of all of its own affairs are.

In this world America’s value judgments are a thing of the past.

The caption for Xi is simple. How countries organize internally, along with the authoritarian restrictions and human rights violations that go with them – be it against the Uighur minority in Xinjiang province, against democracy activists in Hong Kong, or perhaps even ultimately with regard to Taiwan’s independence – is none of Washington’s business.

“Every country is unique with its own history, culture and its own social system, and none is superior to the other,” Xi told the virtual crowd in Davos. “The best criteria are whether the history, culture and the social system of a country suit its particular situation, enjoy the support of the people, serve to ensure political stability …” Xi made it clear that this approach “interferes with the domestic.” To avoid matters of other countries “.

In contrast, in a letter accompanying the Strategic Guidelines this week, President Biden wrote: “I firmly believe that democracy is the key to freedom, prosperity, peace and dignity. We must ensure that our model is not a relic of the.” History is. This is the best way to make the promise of our future come true. And if we work with our democratic partners with strength and trust, we will meet every challenge and surpass every challenger. “

The context for these competing visions was the publication this week of Freedom House’s annual poll that said, “Less than 20 percent of the world’s population now lives in a free country, the lowest percentage since 1995.”

In the Democracy Under Siege study, Sarah Repucci and Amy Slipowitz wrote: “When a deadly pandemic, economic and physical insecurity and violent conflict ravaged the world in 2020, defenders of democracy suffered fighting authoritarian enemies heavy new losses Shift the international balance in favor of tyranny. “

It was the 15th year in a row that countries with declines in political rights and civil liberties outnumber countries with gains. According to the report, nearly 75% of the world’s population lived in a country where democratic freedoms had deteriorated over the past year.

It seems that this is absolutely the wrong time to expect the world’s democracies to recover to shape the global order. But exactly the opposite is the case: at a time when democracy is being tested around the world, there is no better time to tackle the challenges together and ensure that the global gains in freedom of the past 75 years do not decline any further.

Given the global situation, the Biden government knows that its work has to start at home. Blinken was also humble about how the United States would promote democracy.

“We will use the power of our example,” he said. “We will encourage others to carry out important reforms, repeal bad laws, fight corruption and stop unjust practices. We will create incentives for democratic behavior.”

What the US will not do is promote democracy “through costly military interventions,” Blinken said, “or by attempting to overthrow authoritarian regimes by force. We have tried these tactics in the past. As well-meaning as they are like, they didn’t work. ” “”

In the end, the world will not be organized by either Chinese or American fiat, but a concert of national interests influenced by the development of the world’s two leading powers.

Xi’s bet is that China’s momentum is unstoppable, that the world is sufficiently transactional, and that its economy has become indispensable to most US allies. In addition to postponing this narrative, President Biden must work together to reverse the reality of democratic weakening.

Frederick Kempe is a best-selling author, award-winning journalist, and President and CEO of the Atlantic Council, one of America’s most influential think tanks on global affairs. He worked for the Wall Street Journal for more than 25 years as foreign correspondent, assistant editor-in-chief and senior editor for the European edition of the newspaper. His latest book – “Berlin 1961: Kennedy, Khrushchev, and the Most Dangerous Place in the World” – was a New York Times bestseller and has been published in more than a dozen languages. Follow him on Twitter @FredKempe and subscribe here to Inflection Points, his view every Saturday of the top stories and trends of the past week.

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