Tag: Double

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Health

Covid vaccinations greater than double in Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama

Covid vaccinations more than double in Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Alabama

A man will be vaccinated against COVID-19 at a vaccination festival in New Orleans, New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, on May 28, 2021.

Lan Wei | Xinhua News Agency | Getty Images

More and more people who were once hesitant in several southern states are now getting their first vaccinations as the Delta-Covid variant is tearing through areas of the United States with low vaccination rates.

Arkansas, Mississippi, Louisiana, and Alabama have more than doubled the seven-day average of daily first-doses reported since early July, data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention shows, as the outbreak worsened nationwide.

Over the same period, the average daily caseload increased from about 13,000 per day across the country to about 94,000 per day on Aug. 4, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University, with the overwhelming majority of new infections below those who are unvaccinated .

“Americans are clearly seeing the effects of not being vaccinated and unprotected, and they are responding by doing their part, rolling up their sleeves and getting vaccinated,” White House Covid Tsar Jeff Zients said Thursday to reporters.

In Arkansas, which has the third worst outbreak in the country, based on new cases per capita every day, vaccinations nearly tripled. On July 1, the state administered a seven-day average of 2,893 first doses in the arms, which, according to a CNBC analysis of CDC data, represented new people receiving their first shots. By August 4, that number had increased to a seven-day average of 8,585 first doses per day.

Mississippi, which saw the fourth worst outbreak in the country, saw its first doses given since early July increased 178% through August 4. Louisiana saw a 128% increase and Alabama, which hosted the fifth worst outbreak nationwide, saw a 109% increase.

Louisiana is experiencing the worst per capita outbreak of new Covid cases in the country, recording hospital admissions after the Delta variant targeted the state’s mostly unvaccinated population.

The state governor has reintroduced a mask mandate until at least September 1 to slow down the transmission. Despite the recent surge in vaccinations, Louisiana still ranks fifth in the country for fully vaccinated residents at 37.2%.

“The COVID-19 vaccination rate in Louisiana is not where we need it and that, when combined with the Delta variant, has resulted in the perfect storm we’re seeing right now,” said Mindy Faciane, Public Information Officer at the Department of Health Louisiana across from CNBC.

Behind Louisiana is Arkansas with 37% of the fully vaccinated population, Wyoming with 36.7%, Mississippi with 34.8% and Alabama with 34.6%, according to CDC data.

Covid cases with serious consequences are also increasing, according to US officials. The seven-day average of daily hospital admissions is up 41% from a week, with the average daily death toll up 39%, said CDC director Dr. Rochelle Walensky on Thursday.

Studies have shown that the Delta variant is much more transmissible than the original Covid strain and, unlike the original, requires two doses of vaccine so that the body has a chance to fight against infection and severe symptoms.

“Even if someone decided to get the vaccine today, it will be some time before their body and immune system are able to cope with it,” said Gigi Gronvall, immunologist and senior scientist at the Johns Hopkins Center for Health Safety. said CNBC. “You want to make sure you aren’t exposed before your body has a chance to turn the virus off.”

Still, residents in severely affected states who start vaccinating will help slow the spread of the virus sooner rather than later and could prevent future hospitalizations and deaths.

“People are seeing how this is affecting their communities and they are actively changing their minds to get the vaccine,” Faciane said. “Our vaccination rate is going through the roof right now.”

Patients of different ages hospitalized with Covid in states like Missouri, Florida, Arkansas, and Louisiana regret having refused the vaccination initially and are asking their communities to get vaccinated.

Overall, the US reported an average of about 677,000 daily vaccinations last week (as of August 4), up 11% from a week.

The number of first vaccine doses increases faster than the overall rate. According to the CDC, an average of about 446,000 first doses were given daily for the past seven days, 17% more than the week before.

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Entertainment

Intercourse/Life: Does Adam Demos Have Physique Double in Bathe Scene?

SEX / LIFE (L to R) ADAM DEMOS as BRAD SIMON in episode 107 of SEX / LIFE Cr. Courtesy of Netflix © 2021

We would have expected it to be on a Netflix show called. frontal nudity? Sex / life? Yeah, but that didn’t stop us from falling jaws when Adam Demos appeared as full-size Brad Simon in the third episode, Empire State of Mind. It seems Cooper Connelly (Mike Vogel) wasn’t the only one shocked by the size of Brad’s penis, as fans immediately wondered if it was demos or not during the scene. Well, it looks like we have an answer thanks to an interview on Collider with showrunner Stacy Rukeyser. “No. This is not a body double. I mean, people usually ask, ‘Is it real or is it a prosthesis,’ ”she told the point of sale. “And I can tell you what Adam Demos says: ‘A gentleman never tells’. So we leave that to the imagination of the beholder.”

If you’re wondering what Demos actually said about the scene, he confirmed in an interview with. the lack of a body double Weekly entertainment. “I was okay with [the nudity] because you read the script and know what you’re getting into from the start. That doesn’t mean you can’t have discussions about the level of comfort they allowed us – and with the intimacy coordinator, so it felt a lot safer. “So there you have it, you never really know what is real and what is fake . Sounds like a good reason to look again Sex / lifecurrently streamed on Netflix.

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Health

Indonesia’s health-care employees scuffling with a ‘double burden’: NGO

Indonesia's health-care workers struggling with a 'double burden': NGO

A medical staff member checks on Covid-19 coronavirus patients at a hospital’s intensive care unit ward in Bogor on June 18, 2021, as Indonesia’s Covid-19 coronavirus infection rate soars.

Aditya Aji | AFP | Getty Images

Medical workers in Indonesia are grappling with the pressure of caring for Covid-19 patients while quickly vaccinating the country’s residents as infections increase, according to a global health and humanitarian relief organization.

“Health care workers in Indonesia are struggling with a double burden,” said Edhie Rahmat, executive director for Indonesia at Project HOPE, short for Health Opportunities for People Everywhere.

First, they have to take care of both Covid patients and patients with other diseases. Second, they are “under pressure to rapidly cover a high number of populations that need to be vaccinated,” he told CNBC in an email.

Total infections crossed the 2 million threshold on Monday, according to data compiled by Johns Hopkins University. More than 55,594 people have died of Covid-19 in Indonesia. Meanwhile, around 8.9% of Indonesia’s population has received at least one dose of a Covid vaccine, and 4.6% of the country is fully vaccinated, according to Our World in Data.

The longer the pandemic lasts and the higher the caseload builds, (it) will impact their workload and make them vulnerable to transmission and infection.

Edhie Rahmat

Executive director for Indonesia at Project HOPE

“The longer the pandemic lasts and the higher the caseload builds, will impact their workload and make them vulnerable to transmission and infection,” he said, noting that there are limited beds in intensive care units and a lack of good quality personal protective equipment in the country.

Nearly 980 health-care staff have died from Covid-19, according to data from LaporCovid-19.

Medical workers are also at risk of developing mental health problems such as anxiety, depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, Rahmat said.

“Most health care workers in Indonesia do not have the experience to deal with long-term crisis situations like this,” Project HOPE’s emergency response specialist for Southeast Asia, Yogi Mahendra, said in a statement.

Increase in cases

Indonesia’s coronavirus cases have spiked in recent weeks following the Eid holiday in May.

“Most Indonesians, regardless of their religion, enjoy this gathering and celebrate with lots of food, handshaking and talking,” said Rahmat.

Authorities announced tighter restrictions in 29 infection hot spots this week, in a bid to contain the spread of the virus, Reuters reported.

In these so-called “red zones,” religious activities at places of worship have been suspended, while restaurants, cafes and malls can only operate at 25% capacity, Reuters said.

The country’s most populous island, Java, has been hit hardest by the second wave, Rahmat said.

He also noted that some vaccinated health-care workers have come down with Covid-19, pointing to a report from an official in the district of Kudus, who said 350 such cases have been detected.

“We also received a report of a midwife dying in the district next to Kudus and two doctors died in the same period in different districts,” he said.

Even if medical workers have mild symptoms, they need to be isolated for 10 days and cannot work in the hospitals at a time when cases are “rocketing,” he added.

“This is a serious issue and may ruin the health system,” said Rahmat.

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Health

UK instances of Covid variant recognized in India double in a single week

UK cases of Covid variant identified in India double in one week

Hounslow, London, which has become one of the U.K.’s biggest hotspots for the variant of coronavirus first identified in India, on Thursday 27th May 2021.

Tejas Sandhu | MI News | NurPhoto | Getty Images

Cases of the Covid-19 variant first identified in India have more than doubled in England within one week, the country’s health authority said.

The number of cases of the strain had reached 6,959 by Wednesday, an increase of 3,535 cases from the previous week.

The B.1.617.2 variant, a highly contagious triple-mutant strain of the coronavirus, is likely to be more transmissible than the variant first identified in England last fall, Public Health England said Thursday.

Bolton, Bedford and Blackburn were the most affected areas in England, according to PHE, although it said there were small numbers of cases of the variant in most parts of the country.

Hospitalizations were also rising in some areas, PHE added, noting that most hospital admissions were in unvaccinated people.

Research published by PHE last week showed that two doses of Covid vaccines gives people high levels of protection against the B.1.617.2 strain.

Jenny Harries, CEO of the U.K. Health Security Agency, said in PHE’s weekly update that the public should continue to act with caution as Britain eases lockdown restrictions.

“We now know that getting both vaccine doses gives a high degree of protection against this variant and we urge everyone to have the vaccine,” she said.

“Make sure that you remain careful, work from home if you can, meet people outside where possible and remember ‘hands, face, space, fresh air’ at all times.”

The U.K. has begun to tentatively lift lockdown restrictions in recent months, with the government hoping to remove all measures by June 21.

However, Prime Minister Boris Johnson has warned that the country “may need to wait” for a complete return to normality, although he told the BBC on Thursday there was nothing “currently in the data” to suggest the June unlocking would be derailed.

Johnson announced earlier this month that the U.K. would accelerate second vaccine doses for the over-50s and clinically vulnerable in an effort to combat the spread of the B.1.617.2 strain.

More than 62.6 million vaccines had been given in the U.K. by May 26, with 73% of the adult population having received their first dose. Almost half of British adults have been fully vaccinated with both doses.

On May 22, 883 people were in hospital with Covid-19 in the U.K. — a huge drop from January’s peak of 39,249.

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Business

Double mutation Covid variant in India might unfold to different nations, physician says

Double mutation Covid variant in India may spread to other countries, doctor says

The double mutation of a Covid-19 variant discovered in India is extremely worrying – and, according to Dr. Kavita Patel, a non-resident Brookings Institution scholar, spread to other countries.

“It’s something that should be watched very closely and that won’t be limited to India. It’s something that we will likely see around the world, as we have with other variants,” she told CNBCs on Monday “Street Signs Asia”.

The Indian Ministry of Health said last week that a variant with two mutations – known as E484Q and L452R – was found in the country. The mutations aren’t new, but the variant in India carries both – something that has not been seen in other variants.

The mutations could make the virus more contagious and better bypass the body’s defenses.

A health worker delivers a dose of COVID-19 vaccine at a clinic in Bhopal, India on March 25, 2021.

STR | Xinhua News Agency | Getty Images

“This double mutation, number one, is incredibly serious. Number two, it’s probably just the tip of the iceberg in what we’d be concerned about in Asia,” said Patel, who is also a former Obama administration official.

She said the mutations could lead to re-infections because the body’s immune system doesn’t recognize them and therefore can’t fight them effectively.

Patel also said she would be concerned about the effects of the mutation if she were an Asian health agency and think about ways to get vaccines as many people as possible.

Indian authorities said that Covid variants, including the double mutation strain, have not been detected in large enough numbers to explain the increase in new infections.

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Business

U.S. Progress Might Double in 2021, Bolstered by Vaccine and Stimulus

U.S. Growth Could Double in 2021, Bolstered by Vaccine and Stimulus

The American economy is set to accelerate nearly twice as fast this year as expected as President Biden’s imminent $ 1.9 trillion stimulus package, coupled with a swift introduction of vaccines, sparks a strong rebound from the pandemic the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development announced on Tuesday.

However, countries stumbling at the pace of their vaccination campaigns, especially those in Europe, are at risk of falling behind in global recovery as governments are not forced to push back the spread of the virus in order to return to normal lives, the said Organization.

In its half-year outlook, the organization said the United States would expand 6.5 percent this year, a sharp increase from the 3.2 percent forecast in December. The upswing in the world’s largest economy will generate enough momentum to increase global production by 5.6 percent from 3.4 percent in 2020.

China, which contained the virus earlier than other countries, remains a big global winner with forecast growth of 7.8 percent.

Although a global recovery is in sight, government spending to boost their economies will have limited impact unless authorities accelerate national vaccine rollouts and ease virus containment measures, the report added. When vaccination programs aren’t fast enough to reduce infection rates, or when new varieties become more prevalent and vaccine changes are required, consumer spending and business confidence will be hurt.

“Vaccine-free stimuli are not as effective because consumers don’t do normal things,” said Laurence Boone, chief economist at the OECD, in an online press conference. “It’s the combination of health and financial policy that matters.”

This is particularly true in Europe, and particularly Germany and France, where a mix of poor public health management and slow vaccination programs is weighing on the recovery despite billions in government support. Such spending “will not be fully effective until the economy reopens,” said Ms. Boone.

The euro area economy is expected to grow 3.9 percent this year, slightly more than forecast in December, but more slowly than the US. In the UK, which accelerated a national vaccination rollout late last year, economic growth is expected to be 5.1 percent, compared with a forecast of 4.2 percent.

India’s economy is expected to grow 12.6 percent after falling 7.4 percent in 2020, the organization added.

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Business

Firm assured about technique to double revenues in 2 years

Company confident about strategy to double revenues in 2 years

Twitter announced ambitious goals on Thursday to double both its user base and revenue over the next two years. Milestones the chief financial officer said he thinks the company is more than capable of meeting those goals.

The social media company intends to grow its daily active users from 152 million in late 2019 to 315 million and to generate revenue of $ 7.5 billion by the end of 2023, up from $ 3.7 billion in 2020 .

Twitter stock hit new highs following the announcement, rising more than 3% despite the broader tech sector having its worst trading day since October.

Upon closing, Twitter’s CFO Ned Segal told CNBC’s Jim Cramer that the forecast reflected the company’s optimism about its future performance.

“We can set such big goals because we have a lot of confidence in our strategy,” he said in a “Mad Money” interview. “We’ve worked a lot faster and have a clear path ahead of us with tons of people still not using Twitter and an addressable market of over $ 150 billion for digital ads that may come on Twitter.”

The targets are aggressive coronavirus pandemic outbreaks. To meet them, Segal says Twitter will focus on accelerating the release of new products and features, attracting new users, and even developing a new subscription model. The company recently announced the acquisition of the Revue newsletter platform, which allows developers to publish and monetize editorial newsletters.

$ 59.5 billion worth of Twitter hosted an Analyst Day Thursday to showcase its new prospects and products. Management has also tested new features, some of which already exist elsewhere in the social media world and which are set to roll out in the future.

Features we tested included Super Follow Subscriptions, which allow followers to pay to access exclusive content. Micro-communities where groups can be formed on a topic and a new security mode that allows accounts that are abusive or sketchy to be automatically blocked and muted.

With the growing success of the Clubhouse audio chat room app, Twitter also released its own feature called Spaces.

“For us this is a natural extension of where we started with text. We added pictures, we added video, live video, audio tweets, and now you can go in … and create a space and a conversation Lead. Other people can participate and others can listen, “said Segal. “People can tweet next to it. It’s going to be a great experience.”

While closing and restricting the coronavirus business was particularly difficult for brick and mortar businesses, revenue on Twitter, an ad-supported business, also slowed.

Twitter saw mid-single-digit growth in 2020, following double-digit revenue growth for two consecutive years. The company had revenue of $ 3.7 billion that year, up 7.4% from $ 3.46 billion in 2019. As costs and expenses rose last year, Twitter also posted one Loss of $ 1.14 billion, the first annual loss since 2017.

For the current quarter, Twitter expects double-digit sales growth compared to the same quarter of the previous year. The company announced a revenue forecast of between $ 940 billion and $ 1 billion.

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Health

People Should Guarantee Masks Match Snugly or Double Up, C.D.C Says

Americans Must Ensure Masks Fit Snugly or Double Up, C.D.C Says

On Wednesday, federal health officials urged Americans to save their masks and take measures to tighten them – or even cover a cloth mask with a cloth – saying new research had shown masks to increase the spread of the coronavirus reduce.

Recent laboratory experiments found that virus transmission could be reduced by 96.5 percent if Americans wore tight-fitting surgical masks or a combination of cloth and surgical mask. When announcing the results, Dr. Rochelle P. Walensky, director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, tells Americans to wear a “well-fitting mask.”

“With cases, hospitalizations and deaths still very high, now is not the time to reset mask requirements,” she said. “The bottom line is that masks work, and they work when they fit well and are worn properly.”

Masking is now mandatory on federal properties as well as on national and international transports. Studies conducted in households in Beijing, hair salons in Missouri, and aboard an aircraft carrier in Guam have shown that “any mask is better than none,” said Dr. John T. Brooks, Chief Covid Response Physician at the CDC and lead author of the agency’s new masking research.

“Wearing a mask reduces the spread and new infections are falling in communities where masks are used,” said Dr. Brooks.

While masks reduce the droplets and aerosols exhaled by infected wearers and protect uninfected wearers, air leaking from the edges of a mask can reduce its effectiveness. The agency’s new laboratory experiments showed how the problem can be fixed.

One option is to wear a cloth mask over a surgical mask, the agency said. The alternative is to “knot and tuck” the surgical mask closer to the face – that is, the two strands of the ear loops are knotted together where they are attached to the edge of the mask, and then the extra fabric is folded over and over flattened the mask edge and tuck it in for a tighter seal.

The agency’s experiments relied on three-layer surgical and cloth masks, and only one type of each mask was tested. Other combinations – such as doubling up on cloth masks or wearing two surgical masks, or putting one cloth mask on top of a surgical mask – were not tested.

The advice also arrives after states begin lifting measures to slow the transmission of the virus. About three dozen states have masking requirements, but on Monday Iowa ended its mandate and joined Mississippi and North Dakota, which it did months ago.

States are rushing to resume business and reopen schools. For example, New York Governor Andrew Cuomo announced on Wednesday that fans would be allowed to return to sporting events and concerts with limited capacity and mandatory testing and seating in stadiums and arenas. In New York City, indoor dining can resume on Friday at 25 percent capacity.

Virus-related deaths, which increased sharply in the US in November and remain high, appear to be steadily decreasing. New cases and hospital stays also fell last month.

But the CDC has warned that the new variants, even if cases have receded, could spike infections if Americans drop their guards. Cases of a contagious variant of the virus, first found in the UK, are doubling in the US about every 10 days. The CDC warned last month that it could become the dominant variant in the nation by March.

Until the vast majority of adults are vaccinated, “we want to contain this,” said Dr. William Schaffner, an infectious disease specialist at Vanderbilt University. Masks are an effective and easy way to avoid another disastrous “roller coaster ride,” he added.

Updated

Apr. 10, 2021, 9:41 am ET

“The fewer opportunities we give this virus to reproduce, the less likely it is that mutations will occur and the less likely we are to get new variants,” said Dr. Conductor.

Dr. Monica Gandhi, an infectious disease specialist at the University of California at San Francisco, is the co-author of a paper on improving the effectiveness of masks that inspired the CDC to conduct the new research.

“We want to do our best to contain the transmission with all elements: masking, distancing, hand hygiene, ventilation,” she said. “If we reduce transmission and mass vaccinate at the same time, the virus has no way of evading the vaccine.”

The CDC outlined a few additional options for improving the effectiveness of masks, including using a mask fitter – a face-matched frame – over a mask. Recent studies have shown that fitters can increase protection against virus-containing aerosols by 90 percent or more.

Surprisingly, the agency may also suggest that people consider wearing a sleeve made of pure nylon stocking material around their necks and pulling it onto a drape or surgical mask.

The CDC’s recommendations were based in part on ideas from Dr. Gandhi and Linsey Marr, an aerosol transfer expert at Virginia Tech. The two have recommended a surgical mask covered with a tight-fitting cloth mask, or a three-layer cloth mask consisting of two outer layers of tightly woven fabric that encircles the face and a middle layer of filter material, such as vacuum bag material.

Both the tight fit and filtration are important, said Dr. Marr. Even with an N95 respirator such as that used by health care workers, a good fit is essential.

While a growing number of Americans say they support the wearing of masks, opposition persists in some counties and regions. Dr. Marr said she expected the CDC’s new advice to be ridiculed.

“I’m sure the resistance fighters will say, ‘What’s next? Three masks? Four masks? Asked Dr. Marr. “But there’s a lot of interest from people who want to know how good their masks are and how they can improve them. People want the best possible protection. “

The CDC experiments simulated the production of aerosols from cough and estimated their absorption. While an untied surgical mask blocked 42 percent of the particles and a cloth mask alone blocked 44.3 percent, combining a cloth mask over a surgical mask blocked 92.5 percent of the cough particles, found Dr. Brooks and his colleagues.

When both the source of the aerosols and the exposed form were fitted with either the combination of masks or the knotted and hidden surgical mask, exposure to the recipient was reduced by 96.4 percent and 95.9 percent, respectively.

Neither method was perfect: knotting and tucking together makes the surface area of ​​the mask smaller and potentially more suitable for people with smaller faces, noted Dr. Brooks.

Likewise, the fabric and surgical mask combination works well, but makes the mask thicker and can make it difficult for some people to breathe. The extra layers can also obstruct peripheral vision and increase the risk of tripping or falling.

Breathability is also important, said Dr. Marr. “If you put too many things on top of each other that make it difficult to breathe, it’s counterproductive: it’s more likely that air will find gaps to get in,” she said.

Dr. Brooks emphasized that masking, as Americans currently practice, is not “insufficient”. However, the new council offers “the opportunity to take it to the next level”.

“Now we are concerned about forms of the virus that could transmit more efficiently or interfere with the usefulness of existing diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines,” he added. “We need to improve our game to slow the spread of the virus and its development.”

Sheryl Gay Stolberg reported from Washington.

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Business

How Andy Jassy, Amazon’s Subsequent C.E.O., Was a ‘Mind Double’ for Jeff Bezos

How Andy Jassy, Amazon’s Next C.E.O., Was a ‘Brain Double’ for Jeff Bezos

SEATTLE – In 2002, Andy Jassy, ​​a young manager at Amazon, began closely following Jeff Bezos, the founder of the online bookstore.

Mr. Jassy followed Mr. Bezos everywhere, including board meetings, and participated in his phone calls, said Ann Hiatt, who was Mr. Bezos’ executive assistant from 2002 to 2005. The idea, she said, was for Mr. Jassy to be “a brain-double” for Mr. Bezos so that he can challenge his boss’ thinking and anticipate his questions.

“I thought I had very high standards before I started this job,” said Mr Jassy in a podcast interview last fall over the 18-month period alongside Mr Bezos. “Then, with this shadow job, I realized that my standards weren’t high enough.”

Now Mr Jassy, ​​who had learned from Mr Bezos for more than two decades, was accused of having advanced the Bezos Way. This summer, the 53-year-old will take over the running of Amazon while the 57-year-old Bezos is stepping down to become chairman of the board.

Only a few corporate succession are observed so closely. Mr. Jassy has Amazon – which grew into a $ 1.7 trillion company with 1.3 million employees and worldwide operations in e-commerce, logistics, cloud computing, entertainment, and devices – under the watchful eye of Mr Bezos controls who is still the largest shareholder.

Amazon, which has seen a surge in growth, is also facing growing challenges. In Europe and the US, the Seattle-based company is being scrutinized for power by regulators and lawmakers. The own workforce has become louder and more active in dealing with the company. And given its size, some investors and employees are wondering if Amazon can keep its innovative ways without bureaucracy blocking them.

Mr Jassy has not spoken publicly about his vision for Amazon, but those who know him said it was clear he would continue what Mr Bezos had built – and not take a sharp break from it. The quintessential Amazonian life, Mr. Jassy helped design and proselytize many of the mechanisms and internal culture of the company.

“Andy is an integral part of the overall culture,” said Tom Alberg, managing partner of Madrona Venture Group and board member of Amazon through 2019. “I really think this will be a strong sequel.”

Amazon declined to make Mr. Jassy available for an interview. In an email to staff on Tuesday announcing the transition, Mr. Bezos said, “He will be an excellent leader and he has my full confidence.”

Mr. Jassy grew up in Scarsdale, NY, as the middle of three children. His father ran a white-shoe law firm, and his mother ran the household and supported arts organizations. He studied government at Harvard and worked on the business side of The Harvard Crimson, the student newspaper.

Mr. Jassy wanted to become a sports caster, but ended up in direct marketing after graduating. He also tried starting a business with a colleague before going to Harvard Business School.

In 1997 he got the call for an interview on Amazon while going to a Shawn Colvin concert in New York City. He got the job, took his final exam on a Friday, and started working at Amazon the next Monday, three weeks before the company went public, he said in the podcast interview.

After serving in marketing and music, Mr. Jassy was referred to as his “shadow” by Mr. Bezos in 2002, a chief of staff-like role for promising leaders.

“His job was to be an intellectual sparring partner for Jeff,” said Ms. Hiatt, former executive assistant to Mr. Bezos who is now a management consultant. She said Mr Jassy helped Mr Bezos discuss the benefits of offering memberships to the Prime Express Mail program to persuade a skeptical board of directors.

When Mr. Jassy followed Mr. Bezos, he also led Amazon’s step into a new field: cloud computing. At the time, Mr. Bezos was frustrated with Amazon’s software development teams taking longer than expected to complete projects, even though the company hired many new engineers to help introduce products faster. He asked Mr. Jassy to find out.

Mr. Jassy discovered that product teams spent more time designing and building their own infrastructure than developing products. Amazon ultimately decided to reconfigure its technology systems so that different groups could share the same basic technical building blocks.

In 2003, Mr. Jassy and other executives gathered for a meeting at Mr. Bezos’. They said they smelled a business opportunity to help other companies solve the same problems Amazon had encountered.

Before the project could proceed, Mr. Jassy had to present the Amazon board with a “six pager” – a narrative memo that contained a vision for a new idea – and explain what resources would be needed.

“I was so nervous. I wrote 30 drafts of this paper,” Jassy said in a 2017 presentation at the University of Washington.

He asked for 57 people, a meaningful question since Amazon employed about 5,000 people at the time. Mr. Bezos “didn’t flicker,” said Mr. Jassy.

The project became Amazon Web Services, Amazon’s largest source of income. Companies were quick to accept the idea of ​​paying Amazon only for the computers and storage they used, rather than investing large sums in buying, building, and maintaining their own computer systems.

By 2012, Jassy said, Amazon’s cloud entity grew so rapidly that it added roughly the number of computers per day it took to run the entire company in 2003.

Amazon Web Services, known as AWS, ran like a start-up within the company. Mr. Jassy developed a reputation for being tough but not yelling or undercutting staff according to current and former employees. He would ask specific questions in meetings, but would also sit back and let others challenge it while he took in their arguments.

In emails, Mr. Jassy responded to good news by simply saying, “Fine,” with a seemingly random number of exclamation points, said current and former employees. Many debated whether the number of exclamation marks had a secret meaning.

Mr. Jassy also made time for staff activities. He acted as master of ceremonies at an annual Buffalo Wing dining competition known as the Tatonka Bowl. He granted attendees “badges,” one with a burning chicken that appeared in Amazon’s internal directory.

In the past few years, AWS has introduced its own software services that can run on its computers, which is often doomed to failure for startups with competing products.

Corey Quinn of the Duckbill Group, who writes a newsletter titled “Last Week On AWS,” said the cloud computing unit has shown the same intransigence as Amazon’s premier retail website in tracking new products and markets.

“They seem to share a common belief that impossible is only a matter of time,” he said.

Last year, AWS revenue rose to $ 45.4 billion, or 12 percent of revenue and 63 percent of profit for the company.

After becoming CEO, Mr Jassy’s opinions will be examined more closely. Earlier last year he spoke enthusiastically about the sale of Rekognition Police Department, Amazon’s facial recognition technology that has been criticized for bias against dark-skinned people.

“Let’s see” whether police authorities “abuse” the technology somehow, he told the PBS program “Frontline” in February. “They didn’t do that. Suspecting that they will, and therefore you shouldn’t allow them to have access to the most advanced technology out there, doesn’t seem like the right balance to me. “

“I cannot let the death of Breonna Taylor go without accountability,” Jassy wrote in a six-part thread on Twitter about the police in September. “We still don’t get it in the US. If you don’t hold the police accountable for killing black people, we will never have justice and change, or be the country we seek (and claim). “

At an AWS conference in December, Mr. Jassy gave an insight into how he might approach the acquisition of one of the world’s richest tech companies. Echoing Mr. Bezos, who has long been a champion of how businesses need to evolve, Mr. Jassy said the key to long-term survival is for companies to reinvent themselves while business is doing well.

Mr Jassy then put forward an eight-step plan for reinventing businesses, stressing the importance of being “manic, relentless and persistent”.

“You have to have the courage to pull the company up and force it to change and move,” he said.

David Streitfeld contributed to the coverage.