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Politics

Biden publicizes U.S. troops to go away Afghanistan by Sept. 11

WASHINGTON – President Joe Biden said Wednesday he would withdraw US combat forces from Afghanistan by September 11, ending America’s longest war.

The removal of approximately 3,000 American service members coincides with the 20th anniversary of September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks that spurred America’s entry into protracted wars in the Middle East and Central Asia.

“It’s time to end America’s longest war. It’s time for American troops to come home,” said Biden in his televised address from the White House treaty room in which former President George W. Bush took military action against Al Qaeda and the US announced the Taliban in October 2001.

“I am now the fourth American president to preside over an American troop presence in Afghanistan. Two Republicans. Two Democrats. I will not pass that responsibility on to a fifth,” said Biden, adding that the US mission is solely about providing aid be dedicated to Afghanistan and support diplomacy.

During his address, Biden cited the military service of his own son – Beau Biden, who was posted to Iraq for a year and later died of cancer in 2015. He is the first president in 40 years to have a child in the U.S. military and serve in a war zone.

The president said the US achieved its goals a decade ago when it killed Osama bin Laden, the leader of al-Qaeda – the terrorist group that started the 9/11 attacks. Since then, the US’s reasons for staying in Afghanistan have become unclear as the terrorist threat has spread around the world, Biden said.

“Given the terrorist threat that now exists in many places, it makes little sense to me and our leaders to deploy and concentrate thousands of troops in just one country, which costs billions each year,” said Biden. “We cannot continue the cycle of expanding or expanding our military presence in Afghanistan in the hope of creating ideal conditions for withdrawal and expecting a different outcome.”

Biden said he coordinated his decision with international partners and allies as well as Afghan President Ashraf Ghani and spoke with former President Bush. The withdrawal of US troops will begin on May 1st. Following his presentation, Biden said he would visit Section 60 at Arlington National Cemetery, the final resting place for Americans killed in Iraq and Afghanistan.

In a statement following Biden’s speech, former President Barack Obama said the United States had “done everything we can militarily and it was time to bring our remaining troops home”.

Ghani said he respected the US decision to withdraw its forces and that the Afghan military was “fully in a position to defend its people and country”.

Biden warned the Taliban that the US would protect itself and its partners from attack if it withdrew its forces in the coming months. The president said the US would reorganize its counter-terrorism capabilities and assets in the region to prevent another terrorist threat from emerging.

“My team is refining our national strategy to monitor and disrupt significant terrorist threats not just in Afghanistan but everywhere they can occur, in Africa, Europe, the Middle East and elsewhere,” said Biden.

However, CIA Director William Burns admitted Wednesday before the Senate Intelligence Committee that Washington’s ability to respond to threats from Afghanistan will be affected by the US withdrawal. Burns said some U.S. capabilities will remain.

“When the time comes for the US military to withdraw, the US government’s ability to gather and respond to threats will diminish. That’s just a fact,” Burns said.

However, it is also a fact that after the withdrawal, whenever the CIA and all of our partners in the US government do so, they will retain a number of capabilities, some of which will remain, others will be generated by us can help us anticipate and contest reconstruction, “said Burns.

Lance Cpl. Patrick Reeder, with Combined Anti-Armor Team 2, patrols Nawa district, Helmand province, Afghanistan, Oct. 28, 2009.

Marine Corps photo by Lance Cpl. James Purschwitz

In February 2020, the Trump administration brokered a deal with the Taliban that would initiate a permanent ceasefire and further reduce the US military’s footprint from around 13,000 soldiers to 8,600 by mid-July last year.

According to the agreement, all foreign armed forces would have left Afghanistan by May 2021. The majority of the troops in the country come from Europe and partner countries. About 2,500 US soldiers are now in Afghanistan.

Under the deal, the Taliban pledged to prevent terrorist groups from using Afghanistan as a base for attacks against the US or its allies and agreed to hold peace talks with the central government in Kabul. Biden said the US would keep the Taliban by its commitments.

“We will hold the Taliban accountable for their commitment not to allow terrorists to threaten the United States or its allies from Afghan soil. The Afghan government has made that commitment to us, and we will pay our full attention to the US judge.” Threat we face today, “said Biden.

However, the peace process suffered a setback this week when the Taliban said they would not attend a summit on Afghanistan in Turkey scheduled for later this month and will not attend a conference until foreign forces leave the country.

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The announcement to leave Afghanistan follows a Wednesday meeting between NATO allies and Secretary of State Antony Blinken and Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin. NATO joined the international security effort in Afghanistan in 2003 and currently has more than 7,000 soldiers in the country.

“Our allies and partners have stood shoulder to shoulder in Afghanistan for nearly 20 years, and we are deeply grateful for the contributions they have made to our common mission,” said Biden. “The plan has long been together and out together.”

NATO Secretary Jens Stoltenberg testified on Wednesday from the Alliance’s headquarters in Brussels that “the drawdown will be orderly, coordinated and deliberate”.

“We went to Afghanistan together, we adjusted our stance together and we agreed to go together,” said Stoltenberg, adding that “all Taliban attacks on our troops during this period will be met with a vigorous response.”

The NATO mission in Afghanistan began after the alliance first activated its mutual defense clause known as Article 5 following the 9/11 attacks.

According to a Department of Defense report, the wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria have combined cost US taxpayers more than $ 1.57 trillion since September 11, 2001. More than 2,000 US soldiers have died in Afghanistan.

– CNBC’s Spencer Kimball contributed to this report.

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Politics

Biden to Withdraw Fight Troops From Afghanistan by Sept. 11

WASHINGTON – Präsident Biden wird bis zum 11. September amerikanische Kampftruppen aus Afghanistan abziehen, das Ende des längsten Krieges der Nation erklären und die Warnungen seiner Militärberater außer Kraft setzen, dass der Abzug zu einem Wiederaufleben derselben terroristischen Bedrohungen führen könnte, die Hunderttausende von Truppen entsandten in den letzten 20 Jahren in den Kampf.

Als Herr Biden den Drang des Pentagons ablehnte, so lange zu bleiben, bis sich die afghanischen Sicherheitskräfte gegen die Taliban durchsetzen können, prägte er gewaltsam seine Ansichten zu einer Politik, die er lange diskutiert, aber nie kontrolliert hat. Jetzt, nachdem er jahrelang gegen eine erweiterte amerikanische Militärpräsenz in Afghanistan gestritten hat, geht der Präsident die Dinge auf seine Weise vor, wobei die Frist für den 20. Jahrestag der Terroranschläge festgelegt wird.

Ein hochrangiger Regierungsbeamter aus Biden sagte, der Präsident sei zu der Überzeugung gelangt, dass ein „zustandsbasierter Ansatz“ bedeuten würde, dass amerikanische Truppen das Land niemals verlassen würden. Die Ankündigung wird am Mittwoch erwartet.

Die Entscheidung von Herrn Biden würde alle amerikanischen Truppen 20 Jahre nach dem Befehl von Präsident George W. Bush nach den Anschlägen vom 11. September auf New York City und das Pentagon aus Afghanistan abziehen, mit dem Ziel, Osama bin Laden und seine Qaida-Anhänger zu bestrafen. die in Afghanistan von ihren Taliban-Gastgebern geschützt wurden.

Der Krieg wurde mit weit verbreiteter internationaler Unterstützung begonnen – aber es wurde dieselbe lange, blutige, unpopuläre Parole, die die Briten im 19. Jahrhundert zum Rückzug aus Afghanistan und die Sowjetunion zum Rückzug im 20. Jahrhundert zwang.

Fast 2.400 amerikanische Truppen sind in Afghanistan in einem Konflikt ums Leben gekommen, der etwa 2 Billionen US-Dollar gekostet hat. Die demokratischen Anhänger von Herrn Biden im Kongress lobten den Rückzug, auch wenn die Republikaner sagten, er würde die amerikanische Sicherheit gefährden.

“Die USA sind 2001 nach Afghanistan gegangen, um diejenigen zu besiegen, die die USA am 11. September angegriffen haben”, sagte Senator Tim Kaine, Demokrat von Virginia, in einer Erklärung. “Es ist jetzt an der Zeit, unsere Truppen nach Hause zu bringen, die humanitäre und diplomatische Unterstützung für eine Partnernation aufrechtzuerhalten und die nationale Sicherheit der USA auf die dringendsten Herausforderungen zu konzentrieren, denen wir gegenüberstehen.”

Jon Soltz, ein Irak-Kriegsveteran und Vorsitzender der progressiven Veteranengruppe VoteVets, sagte: „Worte können nicht angemessen ausdrücken, wie groß dies für Truppen und Militärfamilien ist, die den Einsatz nach dem Einsatz überstanden haben, ohne dass ein Ende in Sicht war, zum Besseren Teil von zwei Jahrzehnten. “

Aber die Entscheidung von Herrn Biden zog Feuer von Republikanern.

“Dies ist eine rücksichtslose und gefährliche Entscheidung”, sagte Senator James M. Inhofe aus Oklahoma, der ranghöchste Republikaner im Streitkräfteausschuss des Senats. “Willkürliche Fristen würden wahrscheinlich unsere Truppen in Gefahr bringen, alle Fortschritte gefährden, die wir gemacht haben, und zu einem Bürgerkrieg in Afghanistan führen – und einen Nährboden für internationale Terroristen schaffen.”

Präsident Donald J. Trump hatte eine Rückzugsfrist für den 1. Mai festgelegt, war jedoch dafür bekannt, eine Reihe wichtiger außenpolitischer Entscheidungen bekannt zu geben und rückgängig zu machen, und die Beamten des Pentagon drängten weiterhin auf eine Verzögerung. Herr Biden, der dem afghanischen Einsatz seit langem skeptisch gegenübersteht, verbrachte seine ersten drei Monate im Amt, um diesen Zeitplan zu bewerten.

Die afghanische Zentralregierung ist nicht in der Lage, die Fortschritte der Taliban aufzuhalten, und amerikanische Beamte bieten eine düstere Einschätzung der Aussichten auf Frieden im Land. Dennoch sagen amerikanische Geheimdienste, dass sie nicht glauben, dass Al-Qaida oder andere terroristische Gruppen eine unmittelbare Bedrohung für den Streik der Vereinigten Staaten aus Afghanistan darstellen. Diese Einschätzung war für die Biden-Regierung von entscheidender Bedeutung, da sie beschlossen hat, die meisten verbleibenden Streitkräfte aus dem Land abzuziehen.

Ein hochrangiger Verwaltungsbeamter sagte, der Truppenabzug werde vor dem 1. Mai beginnen und vor dem symbolischen Datum des 11. September enden. Alle Angriffe auf den Abzug der NATO-Truppen würden mit einer energischen Reaktion beantwortet.

Die Führer der Taliban haben lange zugesagt, dass jeder Verstoß gegen die Frist dazu führen wird, dass ihre Streitkräfte erneut amerikanische Truppen und Koalitionstruppen angreifen. Im Rahmen eines Rückzugsabkommens, das während der Trump-Regierung ausgehandelt wurde, haben die Taliban diese Angriffe größtenteils gestoppt – aber in den vergangenen Wochen haben sie amerikanische Stützpunkte im Süden und Osten Afghanistans in die Luft geschossen.

In öffentlichen Erklärungen am Dienstag konzentrierten sich die Taliban-Führer nicht auf die Entscheidung von Herrn Biden für einen vollständigen Rückzug – sie hinterließen eine schwache Zentralregierung, die sich als unfähig erwiesen hat, aufständische Fortschritte im ganzen Land aufzuhalten -, sondern auf die Tatsache, dass die Regierung vermissen würde die Frist bis zum 1. Mai.

“Wir sind nicht mit einer Verzögerung nach dem 1. Mai einverstanden”, sagte Zabihullah Mujahid, ein Taliban-Sprecher, im lokalen Fernsehen. “Eine Verzögerung nach dem 1. Mai ist für uns nicht akzeptabel.”

Der von Amerika geführte Krieg in Afghanistan wurde in den letzten zwei Jahrzehnten mehrmals gewonnen und verloren.

Die erste Kampagne, in der relativ wenige Spezialeinheiten mit lokalen afghanischen Milizen zusammenarbeiteten, die von verheerenden amerikanischen Luftangriffen unterstützt wurden, war schnell erfolgreich und zwang die Führer der Qaida und der Taliban, Ende 2001 und Anfang 2002 größtenteils nach Pakistan zu fliehen.

Viele Militäranalytiker lobten die Mission – ihren schnellen Erfolg mit dem Einsatz nur einer begrenzten Anzahl von Bodentruppen – als nahezu Meisterwerk der Planung und der Kriegsführung.

Der Krieg entwickelte sich dann von einer Mission zur Terrorismusbekämpfung zu einer Mission, die sich dem Aufbau von Nationen, der Demokratisierung und der Sicherung von Rechten für Frauen widmete. Die Unfähigkeit, wirksame lokale Sicherheitskräfte zu schaffen, ermöglichte den Taliban jedoch ein Comeback, was ab 2009 zu einem erheblichen Anstieg ausländischer Truppen führte, was einer zweiten Invasion gleichkam.

In der Tat wurden Gebiete von Taliban-Kämpfern geräumt. Aber auch dieser Erfolg erwies sich als nicht nachhaltig. Und an einer anderen Front in den Kriegen der Vereinigten Staaten nach dem 11. September könnte der erste Sieg in Afghanistan die Bush-Regierung zu der Annahme veranlasst haben, dass ihre Entscheidung, Anfang 2003 in den Irak einzudringen, ebenfalls einen ähnlichen, schnellen Erfolg bringen würde.

Beamte der Biden-Regierung sagten, dass die Vereinigten Staaten die amerikanischen Truppen in der Region neu positionieren würden, um Afghanistan und die Taliban im Auge zu behalten, und die Taliban zu einer Verpflichtung verpflichten würden, dass es keine erneute terroristische Bedrohung für Amerikaner oder Amerikaner geben würde Westliche Interessen aus Afghanistan.

Es war jedoch unklar, was dies bedeutete oder wie weit diese neu positionierten Kräfte gehen würden, um beispielsweise die fragile afghanische Regierung oder die afghanischen nationalen Sicherheitskräfte zu schützen.

Biden-Regierungsbeamte sagten, dass einige Truppen im Land bleiben würden, um die diplomatische Präsenz der USA in Afghanistan zu schützen – eine Standardpraxis.

Die Top-Helfer von Herrn Biden haben erklärt, er sei sich der Risiken eines totalen Sicherheitszusammenbruchs in Kabul, der afghanischen Hauptstadt, sehr bewusst, wenn alle westlichen Truppen abreisen, und er hat ein Fall-of-Saigon-Szenario privat als eindringlich beschrieben.

Bei privaten Treffen in den letzten Wochen hat der Präsident jedoch auch in Frage gestellt, ob das kleine verbleibende Kontingent der Amerikaner nach 20 Jahren, in denen fast 800.000 US-Truppen eingesetzt wurden, etwas erreichen kann oder ob es jemals möglich sein wird, sie nach Hause zu bringen. Die Kosten für den Krieg und den Wiederaufbau werden auf etwa 2 Billionen US-Dollar geschätzt.

Mr. Bidens eigene Neigung, als er Präsident Barack Obamas Vizepräsident war, war auf eine minimale amerikanische Präsenz gerichtet, hauptsächlich um Missionen zur Terrorismusbekämpfung durchzuführen. Aber als Präsident, sagte Adjutanten, muss Herr Biden abwägen, ob das Befolgen solcher Instinkte ein zu großes Risiko birgt, dass die Taliban die Regierungstruppen überwältigen und die Schlüsselstädte Afghanistans übernehmen.

Es ist unklar, wie die Regierung ihre Zusage erfüllen wird, Al-Qaida daran zu hindern, eine größere Präsenz im Land aufzubauen – und sie möglicherweise erneut als Zufluchtsort für Angriffe gegen die Vereinigten Staaten zu nutzen -, wenn die Taliban ihr Versprechen, sich zu trennen, nicht einhalten Verbindungen zur Terrororganisation.

“Obwohl dies nicht unmöglich ist, denke ich, dass es viel schwieriger sein wird, sich auf unsere Ziele der Terrorismusbekämpfung zu konzentrieren”, sagte General Joseph L. Votel, ein pensionierter Leiter der Zentral- und Spezialoperationskommandos des Militärs, in einer E-Mail. Effektive Terrorismusbekämpfung “erfordert gute Intelligenz, gute Partner, gute Fähigkeiten und einen guten Zugang”, fügte er hinzu.

“All dies wird in Frage gestellt”, sagte General Votel.

Die Vereinigten Staaten unterhalten eine Konstellation von Luftwaffenstützpunkten in der Region am Persischen Golf sowie in Jordanien, und das Pentagon betreibt ein großes regionales Luftwaffenhauptquartier in Katar. Das Starten von Langstrecken-Bomber- oder bewaffneten Drohnenmissionen ist jedoch riskant und zeitaufwändig und nicht unbedingt so effektiv bei der Bekämpfung feindlicher Ziele, die plötzlich auftauchen oder Zeit haben, sich aus der Schlagdistanz zu bewegen.

Anstelle von deklarierten Truppen in Afghanistan werden sich die Vereinigten Staaten höchstwahrscheinlich auf eine schattige Kombination von geheimen Spezialeinheiten, Pentagon-Auftragnehmern und verdeckten Geheimdienstmitarbeitern verlassen, um die gefährlichsten Bedrohungen der Qaida oder des islamischen Staates zu finden und anzugreifen, sagten aktuelle und ehemalige amerikanische Beamte.

Die Entscheidung von Herrn Biden über den Rückzug wurde am Dienstag zuvor von der Washington Post gemeldet.

Militär- und andere Beamte, die länger in Afghanistan verbliebene Truppen favorisierten, hatten eine ähnlich eingestufte Geheimdienstbewertung verwendet, um für einen langsameren Abzug zu plädieren, und befürchtet, dass ein Abzug amerikanischer Truppen einen größeren Bürgerkrieg und eine eventuelle Rückkehr terroristischer Gruppen auslösen könnte.

Und während das neue Rückzugsdatum den bedrängten afghanischen Sicherheitskräften, die höchstwahrscheinlich im Sommer von der amerikanischen Militärunterstützung gestützt werden, etwas Luft verschafft, bleibt das Schicksal der Regierung von Präsident Ashraf Ghani weiterhin trübe.

Die Friedensverhandlungen zwischen der afghanischen Regierung und den Taliban, die im September in Doha, Katar, begonnen haben, sind größtenteils ins Stocken geraten. Um den Prozess noch einmal anzukurbeln, hat die Biden-Regierung eine neue Gesprächsrunde in der Türkei angestrebt – vorläufig für den 24. April geplant. Beide Seiten sollen sich auf einen Rahmen für eine künftige Regierung einigen und ein dauerhafter Waffenstillstand, aber Experten halten dies für unwahrscheinlich, da die Taliban glauben, sie könnten den Afghanen militärisch besiegen.

Im vergangenen Jahr haben afghanische Sicherheitskräfte durch wiederholte Angriffe der Taliban Territorium verloren und sich auf die amerikanische Luftwaffe verlassen, um die Aufständischen zurückzuschlagen. Angesichts des hohen Einsatzes und der nachlassenden Glaubwürdigkeit der afghanischen Regierung haben sich Milizen – einst die Hauptmächte während des afghanischen Bürgerkriegs in den neunziger Jahren – wieder aufgerüstet und sind wieder aufgetaucht und haben in einigen Gebieten sogar afghanische Sicherheitskräfte herausgefordert. Viele Afghanen haben ihre Entstehung als beunruhigendes Zeichen dafür gesehen, was ihrem Land bevorsteht.

Die afghanischen Beamten befürchten, dass die Entscheidung von Herrn Biden, die amerikanischen Truppen nach Ablauf der Frist vom 1. Mai in Afghanistan zu halten, wie im letztjährigen Friedensabkommen dargelegt, Druck auf die Regierung in Kabul bedeuten würde, die rund 7.000 Taliban-Gefangenen freizulassen, um die die aufständische Gruppe seit langem gebeten hat befreit werden.

Im Moment waren diese verbliebenen Gefangenen und die Aufhebung der Sanktionen der Vereinten Nationen einige der letzten Spuren der Hebelwirkung, die die Vereinigten Staaten gegenüber den Taliban ausgeübt haben. Die afghanische Regierung war jedoch entschieden gegen eine weitere Freilassung von Gefangenen.

Helene Cooper und Eric Schmitt berichteten aus Washington und Thomas Gibbons-Neff aus Kabul, Afghanistan. Die Berichterstattung wurde von Julian E. Barnes und Michael Crowley aus Washington sowie von Najim Rahim und Fahim Abed aus Kabul beigesteuert.

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Health

Three Ladies Working to Vaccinate Kids Shot Useless in Afghanistan

KABUL, Afghanistan – Three health workers, all women working for the government’s polio vaccination campaign, were shot dead Tuesday in Jalalabad, eastern Afghanistan, local officials said just weeks after three television women were killed in the same city .

The women, all in their twenties, were working in the busy city near the border with Pakistan when they were gunned down in two separate attacks.

Semin, 24, and Basira, 20, who like many Afghans had only one name, were shot dead by two armed men when they entered a house in Jalalabad to vaccinate the children living there, the governor’s office said.

The two walked door-to-door in the city, a practice that the Taliban have banned in areas under their control in the past.

It was Semin’s first vaccination campaign; said Ahmad Faisal Nizami, the victim’s cousin. She was recently married and trained as a teacher.

Negina, 24, who was in charge of the polio vaccination campaign that began in Afghanistan on Monday, was shot dead elsewhere in the city about an hour later.

No group immediately took responsibility for the murders.

Taliban spokesman Zabihullah Mujahid denied any involvement in the incident in a WhatsApp message.

Afghanistan, which recorded 56 cases of polio in 2020 according to the Global Polio Eradication Initiative, is one of two countries where the disease has not been eradicated, trailing Pakistan.

Around the same time as Tuesday’s shooting, there was an explosion at the city’s regional hospital, officials said outside the compound where the vaccines are stored. There were no victims, but the windows were broken.

The recent killings – part of a wave of targeted attacks that often singled out women, journalists, professionals, activists and doctors – came at a difficult moment for Afghanistan as the Taliban have made steady military gains and those considered to be with the Afghans work together, relentlessly attack government. In addition, the remnants of the Islamic state operating in the region have focused on carrying out less large-scale bombings and smaller but targeted attacks.

The United States has yet to say definitively whether it will meet the May 1 withdrawal deadline for all American forces. This emerges from an agreement the Trump administration signed with the Taliban in February 2020.

“My niece Basira was a poor girl,” said Haji Moqbel Ahmad, a tribal elder in Jalalabad, who added that the woman had not previously been threatened. “She was shot while she was doing her job.”

A vaccination worker since her youth, Basira had been signed up for a five-day vaccination campaign for which she would receive less than $ 30.

The month began with the murder of three women who worked for a television station in Jalalabad. A TV and radio presenter from the same station was shot in the same way in December. The Islamic State took responsibility for both incidents.

The New York Times documented the deaths of at least 136 civilians and 168 security personnel in such targeted killings in 2020, more than in almost any other year of the war. Until 2021 there has been no reprieve from the same type of violence.

The Taliban are exerting increasing pressure on the government and society and claiming dominance as stuttering, intermittent negotiations are taking place to resolve the Afghan conflict.

Jalalabad is one of the hardest hit cities. One day after the murders of television workers, a doctor was killed there by a roadside bomb.

Ross Wilson, the U.S. Chargé d’Affaires in Kabul, condemned the murders Tuesday.

“Such attacks are a direct violation of Afghans’ dream of building better lives for their children,” Wilson wrote on Twitter. “My deepest condolences to the families of the victims as we seek justice,” he wrote. “The attack on vaccines is as heartless as it is inexplicable.”

Humanitarian aid organizations were also outraged. Henrietta Fore, Managing Director of Unicef, issued a statement calling victims “courageous vaccines that have been at the forefront of efforts to fight the spread of polio and protect the children of Afghanistan from this disabled disease”.

Zabihullah Ghazi reported from Jalalabad and Fahim Abed from Kabul, Afghanistan.

Categories
Politics

Austin travels to Afghanistan as troop withdrawal deadline looms

Afghan President Ashraf Ghani (R) will meet US Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin on March 21, 2021 in Kabul, Afghanistan.

Presidential Palace / handout via REUTERS

WASHINGTON – Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin traveled to Afghanistan Sunday to meet with the nation’s leader as Washington contemplates a possible end to America’s longest war.

The trip that makes Austin the first Biden cabinet-level official to visit the war-torn country comes 40 days before the U.S. troop withdrawal date.

In February 2020, the United States signed a treaty with the Taliban that would usher in a permanent ceasefire and further reduce the US military’s footprint from around 13,000 soldiers to 8,600 by mid-July last year.

According to the agreement, all foreign armed forces would have left Afghanistan by May 2021. There are currently around 2,500 US troops in the country.

The Biden government has not yet announced its next steps in Afghanistan.

The collective wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria have cost US taxpayers more than $ 1.57 trillion since September 11, 2001, according to a Department of Defense report.

Current US military operations, known as Operation Freedom’s Sentinel in Afghanistan, Operation Inherent Resolve in Syria and Iraq, and Operation Noble Eagle for homeland security missions in the US and Canada, accounted for $ 265.7 billion of that total.

Operation Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan, which began in October 2001 and officially ended in December 2014, cost taxpayers $ 578.7 billion.

Of the three ongoing operations, Freedom’s Sentinel accounts for the lion’s share of the cost at $ 197.3 billion, followed by Inherent Resolve at $ 40.5 billion and Noble Eagle at $ 27.9 billion.

Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin goes for a walk during his visit to Kabul, Afghanistan, March 21, 2021.

Presidential Palace / handout via REUTERS

According to the report, the money will be used for training, equipment, maintenance, food, clothing, medical care and payment of troops.

Last month, the most powerful military alliance in the world met to discuss a number of challenges facing the group of 30. The way forward in Afghanistan was at the top of the agenda. NATO joined the international security effort in Afghanistan in 2003 and currently has more than 7,000 soldiers in the country.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg said the alliance would continue to assess the situation on the ground in Afghanistan.

“Our goal is to ensure that we have a lasting political agreement that will allow us to leave in a way that doesn’t undermine our primary objective and that prevents Afghanistan from becoming a safe haven again.” [for terrorists]”Said Stoltenberg.

“The majority of the troops come from European allies and partner countries. We will do whatever is necessary to ensure that our troops are safe,” he said when asked if the alliance would be prepared for violence if the deal with the Taliban is reached is broken.

Austin told reporters shortly after the NATO meeting that the withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan would depend on reducing violence in the country.

“The violence needs to decrease now,” Austin said in his first press conference with reporters. “I have told our allies that regardless of the outcome of our review, the United States will not make a hasty or disorderly withdrawal from Afghanistan,” he said, referring to the NATO virtual meetings.

“There will be no surprises. We will consult, consult together and decide together and act together,” said Austin of the NATO-led mission.

Categories
World News

In Afghanistan, Three Ladies Working in Media Are Gunned Down

JALALABAD, Afghanistan – Three women who worked for a local news agency were shot dead in eastern Afghanistan on Tuesday. This adds to the bloody number of Afghan media workers and journalists killed at alarming rates over the past year.

The women were on their way home from work at Enikass radio and television in the busy city of Jalalabad when they were killed in two separate attacks, according to Shokorullah Pasoon, the broadcaster’s publishing director, who barely offered details about the incident that took place.

Islamic State soon assumed responsibility for the attack, according to the SITE Intelligence Group, which oversees the terrorist group’s announcements.

The victims were Mursal Wahidi, 25, Sadia Sadat, 20 and Shahnaz Raofi, 20, who worked in a department that records voice overs for foreign programs, Pasoon said. A fourth woman was wounded in one of the attacks and was taken to hospital, according to a provincial hospital spokesman.

Malalai Maiwand, 26, a television and radio host at Enikass, was shot in the same way in December. The Islamic State subsidiary in the country also took responsibility for this murder.

The Nangarhar police chief initially attributed the attack to the Taliban and said law enforcement officers made an arrest on Tuesday.

The Taliban denied any involvement in the attacks on Tuesday. They were blamed for much of the wave of attacks that began in earnest following the February 2020 peace agreement negotiated between the insurgent group and the United States under former President Donald J. Trump.

The death of women is a dangerous time in Afghanistan as security continues to deteriorate across the country and President Biden considers sticking to the May 1 withdrawal deadline set by his predecessor. Emboldened Taliban either want to win on the battlefield or force the Afghan government to surrender in their ongoing peace talks in Qatar.

Shaharzad Akbar, chairman of the Afghan Independent Human Rights Commission, described the attack as “terrible” on social media on Tuesday. “Afghan women have been attacked and killed too often,” Ms. Akbar said in a tweet.

After the 2001 US invasion, which saw the Taliban and its extremist form of Islamic law banning women from most jobs dismissed, the Afghan media and news networks encouraged a new generation of women despite the endless war around them Afghans and women in particular.

According to a recent report by the United Nations, more than 30 media workers and journalists have been killed in Afghanistan since 2018. According to the UN report, at least six journalists and media workers were killed in such attacks from September 2020 to January this year.

Civilian casualties rose overall after peace negotiations between the government and the Taliban began in September, particularly a wave of targeted killings of judges, prosecutors, civil society activists and journalists.

The recent attacks were “deliberate, deliberate and deliberate crackdown on human rights defenders, journalists and media workers,” the UN report said. “With the clear aim of silencing certain people by killing them while sending a terrifying message to the wider community.”

The New York Times documented the deaths of at least 136 civilians and 168 security personnel in such targeted killings and assassinations in 2020, more than in almost any other year of the war.

The wanton deaths, often in populated areas such as Kabul and other cities, have sparked public outcry for better security among many Afghans, especially among vulnerable people such as journalists and human rights defenders. Government investigations and accountability for the murders have been rare at best.

The Afghan Journalists’ Security Committee said in a statement that “practical and effective steps must be taken to ensure the safety of journalists”.

Although the Taliban rarely takes responsibility for such attacks, the insurgents use them for propaganda purposes, in particular to undermine the Afghan government.

But the Taliban aren’t the only ones taking advantage of the chaos. Afghan and US officials believe that some of the killings last year were carried out by people affiliated with the government or other political parties.

The role of Islamic State in these targeted attacks is also increasing. Although the terrorist group appears militarily trapped in the mountainous east of Afghanistan, it has shifted its strategy from conquering territory on the battlefield to mass-casualty attacks in cities like Kabul and Jalalabad.

In November, the group claimed their fighters were responsible for killing more than 20 people at Kabul University before blowing up the city a few weeks later, killing at least eight people. And in December, the Islamic State took responsibility for the murder of Ms. Maiwand, the journalist at Enikass who had worked there for seven years.

According to her family, Ms. Maiwanda’s mother, an education activist, was killed by unknown armed men about 10 years earlier.

Zabihullah Ghazi reported from Jalalabad and Thomas Gibbons-Neff from Kabul. Najim Rahim and Fatima Faizi reported from Kabul.

Categories
Health

In Afghanistan, a Booming Kidney Commerce Preys on the Poor

HERAT, Afghanistan – In the midst of the hustle and bustle of beggars and patients outside the crowded hospital, there are sellers and buyers looking at each other suspiciously: the poor looking for money for their vital organs, and the seriously ill or their surrogate mothers looking for something to buy.

The illegal kidney business is booming in the western city of Herat, fueled by sprawling slums, poverty and endless war in the surrounding country, an entrepreneurial hospital bidding as the country’s first kidney transplant center, and officials and doctors turning a blind eye to organ trafficking.

In Afghanistan, as in most countries, the sale and purchase of organs is illegal, as is the implantation of purchased organs by doctors. However, the practice remains a worldwide problem, particularly with respect to the kidneys, as most donors can live with just one.

“These people need the money,” said Ahmed Zain Faqiri, a teacher who is looking for a kidney for his seriously ill father in front of Loqman Hakim Hospital. He was eyed uncomfortably by a young farmer, Haleem Ahmad, 21, who had heard about the kidney market and wanted to sell after his harvest failed.

The consequences will be dire for him. For the impoverished kidney vendors recovering in cold, unlit Herat apartments with peeling paint and concrete floors that have been temporarily freed from debt but are too weak to work, in pain and unable to afford medication, the deal is a portal for new misery. In one such apartment, half a sack of flour and a modest container of rice were the only food for a family with eight children last week.

Transplants are big business for Loqman Hakim Hospital. Officials boast more than 1,000 kidney transplants in five years, involving patients from across Afghanistan and the global Afghan diaspora. It offers them bargain deals at one-twentieth the cost of such procedures in the United States in a city with a seemingly endless supply of fresh organs.

When asked if the hospital made good money from the operations, Masood Ghafoori, a senior finance manager, said, “You could say that.”

The hospital takes care of the removal, transplant, and initial recovery for both patients without asking questions. Sellers say their hospital fees will be covered by the buyers and after a few days at the recovery center they will be sent home.

How the organ recipient gets the donor to agree to the procedure is not the hospital’s concern, the doctors say.

“It’s none of our business,” said Dr. Farid Ahmad Ejaz, a hospital doctor whose business card reads “Founder of Kidney Transplant in Afghanistan”.

Dr. Ejaz initially claimed that more than a dozen impoverished Herat residents lied when they told The Times that they had sold their kidneys for cash. He later admitted that “maybe” wasn’t the case. Interviews with other health officials here followed the same arc: initial denials, followed by reluctant appreciation.

“Everything has value in Afghanistan except human life,” said Dr. Mahdi Hadid, member of the Herat Provincial Council.

According to the United Nations, reports of organ sales in India date back to the 1980s, and today the practice accounts for around 10 percent of all global transplants. Iran, less than 80 miles from Herat, is the only country where kidney sales are not illegal as long as the parties are Iranian.

“There is always a gap between international guidelines and what governments do in practice,” said Asif Efrat, a faculty member at the Herzliya Interdisciplinary Center, a university in Israel, pointing out that Afghanistan compares to the countries in which it is located Organ trafficking is taking place, a new player is most productive: China, Pakistan and the Philippines. “The current international consensus is on the ban side, but governments have incentives not to follow it,” he said.

The moral scruples that keep business underground elsewhere are barely noticeable in Herat. Dr. Ejaz and health officials point out the hard logic of poverty. “The people in Afghanistan sell their sons and daughters for money. How does that compare to selling kidneys? “He asked. “We have to do this because someone is dying.”

Dr. Ejaz seemed unimpressed when he was shown the business card of a kidney broker: “In Afghanistan there are business cards with which people can murder others.”

On the fourth floor of the hospital, three in four recovering patients said they had bought their kidneys.

“I’m fine now,” said Gulabuddin, a 36-year-old imam, a kidney recipient from Kabul. “No pain at all.” He said he paid about $ 3,500 for his kidney that he bought from a “total stranger” with a $ 80 commission to the agent. He did a good deal: kidneys can cost up to $ 4,500.

“If there is approval, Islam has no problem with it,” said Gulabuddin.

Dr. Herat Province Public Health Director Abdul Hakim Tamanna acknowledged the rise of the kidney black market in Afghanistan but said there was little the government could do.

“Unfortunately, this is common in poor countries,” he said. “There is a lack of the rule of law and a lack of regulation related to this process.”

According to the World Bank, the poverty rate in Afghanistan is set to reach over 70 percent by 2020 and the country remains largely dependent on foreign aid. Domestic revenue only finances around half of the state budget. Without a substantial public safety net, healthcare is just another opportunity to take advantage of the most vulnerable people in the country.

Mir Gul Ataye, 28, regrets every second of his decision to sell his kidney deep in the maze of sandy streets in Herat’s slums. As a construction worker who made up to $ 5 a day prior to his surgery last November, he can now lift no more than 10 pounds, and hardly can.

“I am in pain and weak,” he said. “I’ve been sick and can’t control my piss.” Four children huddled in front of him on the concrete floor in the bare, unlit room. He said he supported a total of 13 family members and had around $ 4,000 in debt.

“It was difficult, but I had no choice. Nobody wants to give any part of their body to someone else, ”he said. “It was very embarrassing for me.”

Mr. Ataye received $ 3,800 for his kidney. That was almost three months ago. He’s still in debt and can’t pay his rent or electricity bill.

He said he felt “sadness, despair, anger and loneliness”. One night he was in such severe pain that he hit his head against the wall and fractured his skull.

Others around Herat gave similar reasons for selling a kidney: outstanding debts, sick parents, a marriage that would otherwise have been unaffordable.

“My father would have died if we hadn’t sold,” said Jamila Jamshidi, 25, who was sitting on the floor across from her brother Omid, 18, in a cold apartment on the outskirts of town. Both had sold their kidneys – she five years ago and he a year ago – and both were weak and in pain.

Mohammed Zaman, a tribal elder in a white turban, spoke of the irresistible attraction of Loqman Hakim’s kidney operation in a mud-walled camp just outside Herat, a vortex of sun, wind and dust filled with war refugees from other provinces. More than 20 from his village who have now been evicted from their homes had sold their kidneys.

“My people are hungry. We have no land. We can’t be shopkeepers. We don’t have any money, ”he said. “I can’t stop it.”

In a local restaurant, five brothers talked about being driven from their land in Badghis province by constant attacks by the Taliban. In Herat everyone had sold their kidneys. The youngest was 18, the oldest 32 years old.

“We had no choice,” said Abdul Samir, one of the brothers. “We had to sell. Otherwise we wouldn’t have sold a fingernail. “

Asad Timory and Kiana Hayeri contributed to the coverage.

Categories
Politics

Pentagon unsure on pullback date for U.S. troops in Afghanistan

Soldiers from the 82nd Airborne Division gather their equipment before boarding a CH-47F Chinook of the Task Force Flying Dragons or 1st General Support Aviation Battalion, 25th Avn. Regiment, 16th Combat Avn. Brigade, in the Nawa valley, Kandahar province, Afghanistan,

Photo: U.S. Army Photo by Staff Sgt.Whitney Houston | FlickrCC

WASHINGTON – The Pentagon said Thursday that the withdrawal of US troops in Afghanistan would be contingent on the Taliban’s commitments to uphold a peace deal brokered last year.

“The Taliban have not fulfilled their commitments,” Pentagon press secretary John Kirby told reporters at a press conference.

He added that Secretary of Defense Lloyd Austin was looking into the matter and was discussing the way forward in the war-torn country with NATO allies and partners.

“It is currently under discussion with our partners and allies to make the best decisions about our presence in Afghanistan,” said Kirby, adding that the Biden administration had not made a decision.

The United States signed a treaty with the Taliban last February that would usher in a permanent ceasefire and reduce the US military’s footprint from about 13,000 to 8,600 by mid-July last year. According to the agreement, all foreign armed forces would have left the war-torn country by May 2021.

Former President Donald Trump, who campaigned to end “ridiculous endless wars” in the Middle East in 2016, accelerated the downsizing of US troops in November.

The then incumbent Pentagon chief Christopher Miller announced that the Trump administration would reduce its military presence in Afghanistan to 2,500 soldiers by January 15 and in Iraq to 2,500 soldiers.

“This decision by the president is based on the continued collaboration with his national security cabinet over the past few months, including ongoing discussions with myself and my colleagues across the US administration,” said Miller at the Pentagon.

NATO Secretary General Jens Stoltenberg warned that leaving Afghanistan too early or uncoordinated could have unintended consequences for the largest military organization in the world.

“Afghanistan runs the risk of becoming a platform again for international terrorists to plan and organize attacks on our home countries. And ISIS could rebuild the terror caliphate that was lost in Syria and Iraq,” said the NATO chief, referring to himself on militants of the Islamic state.

NATO joined the international security effort in Afghanistan in 2003 and currently has more than 7,000 soldiers in the country. NATO’s security operation in Afghanistan began after the alliance first activated its mutual defense clause known as Article 5 following the 9/11 attacks.

There are approximately 2,500 US troops in Afghanistan.

The wars in Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria have cost US taxpayers more than $ 1.57 trillion since September 11, 2001, according to a Department of Defense report. The war in Afghanistan, which has become America’s longest running conflict, began 19 years ago and cost US taxpayers $ 193 billion, according to the Pentagon.

The issues raised in the agreement, which keep the US presence in the air, include the introduction of intra-Afghan negotiations and the guarantee that Afghanistan will not become a haven for terrorists again.

“The secretary was very clear, and so was President Biden, that it is time to end this war, but we want to do it responsibly, we want to do it in accordance with our national security interests and those of our Afghan partners,” Kirby told reporters in the Pentagon.

– CNBC’s Christian Nunley contributed to this report from Virginia.