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International Tax Overhaul Positive factors Steam as G20 Backs New Levies

Absent unanimous approval among the members of the European Union, an accord would stall. Establishing a minimum tax would require an E.U. directive, and directives require backing by all 28 countries in the union. Ireland had previously hinted that they would object to or block a directive and Hungary could prove to be an even bigger hurdle given its fraught relationship with the union, which has pressed Hungary on unrelated rule-of-law and corruption issues.

Prime Minister Viktor Orban of Hungary has stated that taxes are a sovereign issue and recently called a proposed global minimum corporate tax “absurd.” Hungary’s low corporate rate of 9 percent has helped it lure major European manufacturers, especially German carmakers including Mercedes and Audi.

Bruno Le Maire, France’s finance minister, said on Saturday that it was important that all of Europe supports the proposal. G20 countries plan to meet with Ireland, Hungary and Estonia next week to try and address their concerns, he said.

“We will discuss the point next week with the three countries that still have some doubts,” he said. “I really think the impetus given by the G20 countries is clearly a decisive one and that this breakthrough should gather all European nations together.”

Policymakers also have yet to determine the exact rate that companies will pay, with the United States and France pushing to go above 15 percent, and negotiations are continuing over which firms will be subject to the tax and who will be excluded. The framework currently exempts financial services firms and extractive industries such as oil and gas, a carve-out that tax experts have suggested could open a big loophole as companies try to redefine themselves to meet the requirements for exemptions.

Domestic politics could also pose hurdles for the countries that have agreed to join but need to turn that commitment into law, including in the United States, where Republican lawmakers have signaled their disapproval, saying the plan would hurt American firms. Big business interests are also warily eyeing the pact and suggesting they plan to fight anything that puts American companies at a disadvantage.

“The most important thing is understanding that if there is going to be an agreement, that there cannot be an agreement that is punitive toward U.S. companies,” said Neil Bradley, the chief policy officer at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. “And that, of course, is of great concern.”

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Biden presses Putin to disrupt cybercriminals in Russia

United States President Joe Biden speaks before signing an executive order in the State Dining Room of the White House in Washington, DC, the United States, on Friday, July 9, 2021.

Alex Edelmann | Bloomberg | Getty Images

WASHINGTON – President Joe Biden in a phone call Friday morning urged Russian President Vladimir Putin to take action to contain recent ransomware attacks by groups based in Russia.

“I made it very clear [Putin] that when a ransomware operation comes off its soil despite not being state sponsored, the United States expects that if we give them enough information to act who it is, we expect them to act said Biden at the White House on Friday afternoon.

When asked by a reporter whether there would be “consequences” for such attacks, Biden replied, “Yes”.

The US and Russia, according to the President, have “now regularly set up a means of communication in order to be able to communicate with each other when each of us thinks that something is happening in another country that affects our home country”.

Overall, the call “went well, I’m optimistic,” said Biden.

The conversation came just days after a massive new cyber attack by the REvil group believed to be based in Russia.

The hacking gang is demanding $ 70 million in cryptocurrency to unlock data from the attack that spread to hundreds of small and medium-sized businesses in a dozen countries.

A senior government official said Friday that the United States will take “action” to respond to the attack.

“We will not telegraph what exactly these actions will be. Some will be obvious and visible, others may not, but we expect these to take place in the coming days and weeks,” said the official, who asked for anonymity discuss sensitive negotiations.

The official spoke just moments after Biden, who boarded Air Force One en route to Delaware, was asked if it made sense for the United States to attack the actual servers that are hosting ransomware attacks. Biden replied, “Yes.”

The latest REvil attack is part of a series of serious ransomware attacks carried out by groups originating in Russia this spring and summer.

In May, REvil targeted JBS, the world’s largest meat supplier. The company eventually paid a $ 11 million ransom, but not before it temporarily ceased all of its U.S. operations.

Earlier that month, another cybercriminal targeted the operator of the country’s largest gas pipeline, the Colonial Pipeline. The attack forced the company to shut down a pipeline roughly 5,500 miles long, cutting fuel supplies to the east coast of almost half.

As of early Friday afternoon, the Kremlin had not yet published its own reading of the Biden Putin appeal, so it is unclear how the Russian president reacted to Biden’s pressure.

White House press secretary Jen Psaki told reporters Friday the United States had no new information suggesting the Russian government was directly responsible for the attacks.

Putin has always denied any involvement or direct knowledge of ransomware attacks from Russia.

However, US officials say the idea that Putin does not know who these attackers are is not credible as he has a tight grip on Russia’s intelligence services and its more opaque network of contractors.

In June, Biden met personally with Putin in Geneva, where he warned the Russian President to crack down on cyberattacks from Russia.

US President Joe Biden gestures at a press conference after the US-Russia Summit with Russia’s President Vladimir Putin on June 16, 2021 in Geneva, Switzerland.

Kevin Lamarque | Reuters

There, Biden said he presented Putin with a list of critical infrastructures in the United States that, if attacked by Russia-based cybercriminals, would pose a serious national security threat to the United States

“Certain critical infrastructures should be closed to attacks, cyber or other means,” said Biden after the meeting. “I gave them a list, 16 specific entities that are defined as critical infrastructure under US policy, from the energy sector to water systems.”

“So we agreed to hire experts in our two countries to work on specific agreements on what is forbidden and investigate specific cases that come from other countries or from one of our countries,” he said.

By identifying critical infrastructure as locked down, Biden also circled targets that, if attacked by state or non-state actors, would likely deserve a government response.

The White House has so far declined to detail the retaliatory measures taken by the United States in several recent attacks against the cybercriminals themselves on the grounds that such information must remain confidential.

During the phone call on Friday, Putin and Biden also praised their teams’ joint work after the meeting in Geneva, the White House said.

This work led to an important vote in the UN Security Council on Friday to resume the delivery of humanitarian aid to Syria.

4:00 p.m. – This story has been updated to include President Joe Biden’s comments on the call, as well as remarks from a senior administrator.

– CNBC’s Kevin Breuninger contributed to this report.

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Politics

Chief Guantánamo Prosecutor Retiring Earlier than Sept. 11 Trial Begins

WASHINGTON – The army general who led a decade of war crimes charges in Guantánamo Bay, Cuba, is retiring and turning the trial of the five men charged with conspiracy in the September 11, 2001 attacks on a not yet elected successor.

Brig. General Mark S. Martins of the Army served as chief prosecutor for military commissions across the Obama and Trump administrations.

His decision to step down came as a surprise as he had received an extension until January 1, 2023. Instead, he will retire on September 30th, according to a statement from a public prosecutor’s office, Karen V. Loftus, to the families of the nearly 3,000 people killed in the 9/11 attacks.

General Martins, a graduate of Harvard Law School at West Point, had served as the public face of the military commissions for many years. During his early years in office, he ran a public speaking campaign to promote the hybrid form of justice established by the Bush administration after the invasion of Afghanistan.

The Obama administration made some changes to the system and decided to pursue the 9/11 case against Khalid Shaikh Mohammed and four accused accomplices in Guantánamo rather than in federal court. A death penalty case that has sunk in pre-trial proceedings since the indictment in May 2011 as the sites deal, among other things, with issues relating to the torture of the defendants in CIA prisons prior to their 2006 transfer to Guantánamo Bay.

Although no military judge is currently assigned to the case, Pentagon officials are preparing for its first hearings since February 2020, due to take place in the first two weeks of September, coinciding with the 20th anniversary of the attack.

General Martins filed his annuity papers Wednesday after repeatedly arguing with lawyers from the Biden administration in Guantánamo court over positions of his office on applicable international law and the Convention against Torture, according to senior government officials who knew about the disputes. General Martins did not respond to a request for comment.

A major point of contention was General Martins’ recent decision to give a testimony to the CIA while tortured by a man accused of orchestrating the bombing of the USS Cole in 2000 while he was being tortured to speak to the military judge, who presided over this case to take a stand is also a death sentence. Defense lawyers for prisoner Abd al-Rahim al-Nashiri from Saudi Arabia are appealing the admissibility of this evidence.

On the same day that General Martins opted to retire, he filed a brief asking the U.S. Court of Justice to review the Military Commission for additional time to respond to the appeal.

“Has he been asked to resign or has he resigned in protest?” Said Navy Capt. Brian L. Mizer, Mr. Nashiri’s senior military defender. “I dont know.”

Ms. Loftus said General Martins had chosen to retire “in the best interests of the ongoing cases”. Military commission hearings are slated to resume next week for the first time since the pandemic began, in a case involving an Iraqi man accused of commanding armed forces that committed war crimes in Afghanistan in 2003 and 2004.

Ms. Loftus called the point in time “an ideal window for identifying a successor”, since proceedings “after the pandemic-related break are finally in sight for all of our cases”.

General Martins made an impressive figure in court with a height of six feet and a chest full of medals on his blue army uniform. As a former Rhodes Fellow, he had made it an important part of his job to meet and brief the families of the victims and to connect with some of them through social opportunities in Guantánamo Bay. In an effort to bring the 9/11 case to court, he had repeatedly received extensions of his term.

“My first thought is that only the defendants and family members will be left,” said Joel Shapiro, whose wife Sareve Dukat was killed in the World Trade Center and has since worked as a guide at the 9/11 Memorial & Museum in New York. “Almost everyone else involved in this case took the opportunity to get on with their lives.”

“I was shocked that Mark was stepping down,” said Adele Welty, whose firefighter son Timothy was killed on September 11th. “I thought he was very committed to pulling it off. But who can blame him? The whole Guantánamo enterprise is almost comical in its ridiculous turns – judge after judge step down, and now General Martins. “

Chief Defense Counsel, Brig. General John G. Baker of the Marines, will leave his post on November 1st. The process of replacing him with a new one-star military attorney – to put him on a par with General Martins – was already underway as a potential candidate.

Defense officials said a panel would likely be put together to select a new chief prosecutor who could match the rank of Army Colonel rather than a one-star general. In the meantime, Ms. Loftus said, General Martins’ civilian deputy, Michael J. O’Sullivan, will serve as assistant chief defender.

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FBI to help investigation, no U.S. troop plans

The crowd reacts near the Petionville Police station where armed men, accused of being involved in the assassination of President Jovenel Moise, are being detained in Port au Prince on July 8, 2021.

Valerie Baeriswl | AFP | Getty Images

The U.S. is sending senior FBI and DHS officials to Port-au-Prince as soon as possible to assist with the investigation into the assassination of Haitian President Jovenel Moise, the White House said Friday, in response to the Haitian government’s formal request for assistance.

“The United States remains engaged and in close consultations with our Haitian and international partners to support the Haitian people in the aftermath of the assassination of the president,” White House press secretary Jen Psaki said at a press briefing.

However, the U.S. has no plans to send military assistance at this time, White House officials told NBC News on Friday afternoon, amid reports that Haitian officials had requested troops to secure critical infrastructure.

An FBI spokesperson said the agency is working with the U.S. Embassy in Haiti and law enforcement partners to determine how to assist with the investigation.

Haiti’s ambassador to the U.S., Bocchit Edmond, said on Friday that the Haitian government’s request outlined the “critical role” the FBI and the Justice Department can play in the investigation into the assassination. 

Edmond added that the Haitian government also requested the U.S. impose sanctions on perpetrators involved in the attack under the Global Magnitsky Act, which authorizes the U.S. president to deny entry to and impose economic sanctions against any foreign individual responsible for extrajudicial killings or human rights abuses.

“We look forward to engaging with our US partners as we seek truth and justice,” Edmond said in a series of posts on Twitter.

Colombia has also announced that it will be assisting with the probe, Reuters reported Friday. Colombian President Ivan Duque said the head of Colombia’s national intelligence directorate and the intelligence director for the national police will be sent to Haiti with Interpol.

The U.S. State Department confirmed on Friday that two Americans have been arrested by Haitian authorities following the president’s assassination.

“We are aware of the arrest of two U.S. citizens in Haiti and are monitoring the situation closely,” a State Department spokesperson told CNBC. “We remain committed to cooperating with Haitian authorities on the investigation.”

The State Department declined to comment any further, citing privacy considerations, and pointed to Haitian authorities for further information.

Haitian police on Friday identified the American suspects, who are of Haitian descent, as James Solages and Joseph Vincent. Solages, 35, is the youngest of the suspects, and Vincent, 55, is the oldest, according to a document shared by Mathias Pierre, Haiti’s minister of elections.

They are among at least 20 suspects that Haitian police have detained so far in the shocking assassination, alongside 18 Colombians.

The search continues for at least five additional suspects, and four others were killed by police in an exchange of gunfire, according to Haitian police. Haiti Chief of Police Leon Charles on Thursday urged the Haitian public to help authorities locate the other suspects but not to “take justice into their own hands.”

U.S. President Joe Biden on Wednesday condemned the assassination and said he was “shocked and saddened to hear” about it.

“The United States offers condolences to the people of Haiti, and we stand ready to assist as we continue to work for a safe and secure Haiti,” Biden said in a statement. 

Citizens take part in a protest near the police station of Petion Ville after Haitian president Jovenel Moïse was murdered on July 08, 2021 in Port-au-Prince, Haiti.

Getty Images

A group of gunmen assassinated Moise and wounded his wife in their private residence Wednesday, plunging the Caribbean nation into an even deeper political crisis that has been fueled by gang violence and protests against the late president’s increasingly authoritarian rule. 

Claude Joseph, Haiti’s interim prime minister, said the police and military were now in control of security in Haiti. Authorities declared a siege in the country following the killing and closed the international airport. 

Edmond has called for an international investigation into the assassination and has asked the U.S. for assistance in bolstering Haitian security. 

The State Department on Thursday vehemently denied that the Drug Enforcement Administration was involved in the assassination after the attackers reportedly identified themselves as DEA agents. 

Edmond has said the attackers were posing as DEA agents, describing them as “well-trained professional killers, commandos” based on a video shot from a neighbor’s house during the attack. He also noted that some spoke Spanish. Haitians speak French and Creole. 

Protests against the late Haitian president turned violent in recent months as opposition leaders and their supporters demanded his resignation.

Moise had been accused of seeking to increase his power even after his term expired in February. Opposition leaders pointed to his approval of decrees limiting powers of a court that audits the government and his creation of an intelligence agency that answers only to him.

Opposition leaders and their supporters also rejected Moise’s plans to hold a constitutional referendum with controversial proposals that would strengthen the presidency’s power.

— The Associated Press contributed to this report.

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Politics

Biden Urges Putin to Take Motion Towards

President Biden on Friday urged President Vladimir V. Putin of Russia to “take action to disrupt” online criminal organizations in his country and said that the United States reserves the right to respond against hackers who launch ransomware attacks from inside Russia, according to a White House readout of a telephone call between the two leaders.

“I made it very clear to him that the United States expects when a ransomware operation is coming from his soil, even though it’s not sponsored by the state, we expect him to act, and we give him enough information to act on who that is,” Mr. Biden said to reporters after signing an executive order at the White House.

Asked if Russia would face consequences for the spate of recent attacks, Mr. Biden simply replied “yes.”

The call came in the wake of a ransomware attack over the July 4 weekend in which a Russia-based group called REvil, an abbreviation of “ransomware evil,” hacked a Florida company that provides software to thousands of smaller firms. Russian hackers were also accused of breaching a contractor for the Republican National Committee last week.

“Biden underscored the need for Russia to take action to disrupt ransomware groups operating in Russia and emphasized that he is committed to continued engagement on the broader threat posed by ransomware,” the White House statement said. “President Biden reiterated that the United States will take any necessary action to defend its people and its critical infrastructure in the face of this continuing challenge.”

The United States intelligence agencies have said they do not believe that the Russian government was directly involved in the REvil attack. But Mr. Biden and top officials have repeatedly said that they believe Russia should be doing more to disrupt the networks of criminals that launch such attacks.

Mr. Biden said he told Mr. Putin that during a face-to-face meeting in Geneva several weeks ago. And after meeting with his top cyber officials earlier this week, Mr. Biden told reporters that he “will deliver” that message again to Mr. Putin, but he did not make clear when that would happen.

The readout of Friday’s call ended the suspense.

Jen Psaki, the White House press secretary, offered few details about the call beyond what the White House released in the statement. She declined to say what Mr. Putin’s response was during the call.

But she said the call was evidence that Mr. Biden intends to remain in frequent touch with the leader of Russia, in person and otherwise.

“First, let me say that the president is a believer in face-to-face diplomacy when possible, and leader-to-the-leader diplomacy, when that’s not possible, and this is an example of that,” she said.

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Democrats have choices, however no clear plan but

Das US-Kapitol spiegelt sich am Montag, den 23. März 2020, in einem Regenwasserbecken auf dem Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, USA.

Al Drago | Bloomberg | Getty Images

Eine bevorstehende Abstimmung im Kongress über die Anhebung oder Aussetzung der Bundesverschuldungsgrenze wird zum neuesten politischen Minenfeld für demokratische Führer, da sie Überstunden machen, um in den kommenden Wochen massive Ausgaben- und Infrastrukturrechnungen auszuarbeiten.

Eine zweijährige Aussetzung der 2019 verabschiedeten Schuldenobergrenze soll Ende dieses Monats auslaufen, und die Demokraten scheinen noch keine Strategie zu haben, um die Grenze auf neue Höhen anzuheben oder wieder auszusetzen.

„Wir ziehen alle Optionen in Betracht“, sagte die Sprecherin des Repräsentantenhauses, Nancy Pelosi, D-Kalifornien, kürzlich gegenüber Bloomberg News, als sie nach der Strategie der Demokraten gefragt wurde.

Die Republikaner scheinen unterdessen bereit zu sein, die Kriege um die Schuldenobergrenze wiederzubeleben, die sie während der Obama-Regierung nach vier Jahren relativen Schweigens über die Anhebungen der Schuldengrenze unter GOP-Präsident Donald Trump geführt haben.

Wenn eine Einigung über die Anhebung der Schuldengrenze Spielgeist und Zaudern zum Opfer fällt, könnten die Folgen verheerend sein.

Wenn die derzeitige zweijährige Aussetzung der Obergrenze nicht verlängert oder eine neue, höhere Obergrenze vor der Kongresspause im August nicht überschritten wird, könnte dies die fragile wirtschaftliche Erholung gefährden und schwerwiegende Folgen für Arbeitnehmer und Unternehmen gleichermaßen haben.

Während die Vereinigten Staaten ihre Schulden nie in Zahlungsverzug geraten sind, zeigt die jüngste Geschichte, dass eine unangenehme Nähe zu Chaos zu Chaos führen kann. Im Jahr 2011 führte die Weigerung der Republikaner des Repräsentantenhauses, eine Anhebung der Schuldenobergrenze zu verabschieden, zu einer Herabstufung der Kreditwürdigkeit der US-Staatsanleihen, was die Finanzmärkte verärgerte.

Dennoch ist das politische Kalkül im Kongress über die Erhöhung der Schuldenobergrenze äußerst schwierig, da die Mitglieder beider Parteien zögern, Stimmen abzugeben, die als Beitrag zur massiven Staatsverschuldung angesehen werden könnten.

“Jeder weiß, dass er erhöht werden muss, mit Ausnahme der demagogischsten Beamten”, sagte Tom Block, Politikstratege von Fundstrat Global Advisors. Dennoch “ist es eine der politisch am stärksten angespannten Stimmen, die viele Mitglieder nehmen.”

Für den Gesetzgeber ist die Abstimmung oft ein heikles Gleichgewicht zwischen dem Auftreten finanzpolitischer Verantwortung bei den nächsten Wahlen und der Vermeidung allgemein anerkannter wirtschaftlicher Umwälzungen.

Für Pelosi besteht das Risiko in den Parlamentswahlen 2022.

Sie muss nicht nur genügend Stimmen auftreiben, um eine Aussetzung der Schuldenobergrenze zu verabschieden, sondern auch ihre hauchdünne Mehrheit schützen, da die Demokraten im Repräsentantenhaus in den Swing-Distrikten wahrscheinlich vor großen Herausforderungen stehen werden. Die Partei des Präsidenten verliert in der Regel während der Halbzeit Sitze im Repräsentantenhaus.

Für die Republikaner besteht das Risiko in den Vorwahlen 2022. Während die GOP die Ausgaben der Demokraten bei den Parlamentswahlen schnell drosseln wird, macht sich jeder Republikaner, der für die Aussetzung der Obergrenze stimmt, einem Angriff von rechts durch einen noch fiskalisch konservativeren Rivalen aus.

Im Jahr 2019 stimmte der Kongress dafür, die Schuldenobergrenze bis Juli 2021 auszusetzen. Abstimmungen über die Aussetzung der Schuldengrenze sind für die Mitglieder des Kongresses in der Regel schmackhafter als Abstimmungen, die die Grenze auf neue Höhen anheben, da die Abstimmungen über die Aussetzung nicht mit einer Nummer versehen sind.

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Aber diese Aussetzung für 2019 läuft Ende dieses Monats aus, und danach kann das Finanzministerium vorbehaltlich einer neuen Abstimmung keine zusätzlichen Barmittel durch den Verkauf von Anleihen beschaffen.

Sofern die Schuldenobergrenze nicht angehoben wird, muss das Finanzministerium damit beginnen, Notkonten in Anspruch zu nehmen, um die Rechnung der Regierung zu bezahlen.

Und mit beispiellosen Ausgaben dank des Covid-19-Stimulus hat Finanzministerin Janet Yellen davor gewarnt, dass sie diesen Notfall-Lebenssaft möglicherweise nicht sehr lange aufrechterhalten kann, bevor sie das wichtige “Drop-Dead” -Datum erreicht, an dem die Regierung auslösen würde eine technische Vorgabe.

Bekannte Unbekannte

Der Zeitpunkt dieses Drop-Dead-Datums ist jedoch eine Frage von Vermutungen, da Ökonomen keine genauen Angaben dazu haben, wie viel Bargeld das Finanzministerium zur Verfügung hat und wie viel es jeden Tag ausgibt, um die Rechnungen der Nation zu bezahlen.

Während die USA noch nie zuvor zahlungsunfähig waren, sehen Ökonomen dieses Ergebnis als ein Weltuntergangsszenario und eine erhebliche Bedrohung für mehrere Sektoren der amerikanischen Wirtschaft.

„Die USA, die auf George Washington zurückgehen, sind nie mit ihren Schulden in Zahlungsverzug geraten. Das würde also einen ziemlich gefährlichen Präzedenzfall schaffen“, sagte Michael Feroli, US-Chefökonom bei JPMorgan.

In einer schlimmen Situation, in der der Gesetzgeber nicht beschließen kann, die Obergrenze nach dem Stichtag auszusetzen, könnten Kreditgeber auf der ganzen Welt höhere Zinszahlungen von Uncle Sam verlangen.

Dies könnte einen Dominoeffekt auslösen, der die Zinssätze in der gesamten US-Wirtschaft – von Hypotheken und Autokrediten bis hin zu Zinssätzen für Unternehmensschulden – dazu zwingt, in Sympathie zu springen.

Yellen und ihre Mitarbeiter haben nicht geschwiegen, als sie die Dringlichkeit der Abstimmung 2021 betonten, da die Ausgaben in der Pandemie-Ära nachlassen. Sie warnte die Senatoren im Juni, dass das Finanzministerium angesichts der historischen Ausgaben seine Notfallfonds viel früher als in den vergangenen Jahren aufbrauchen könnte.

„Es ist möglich, dass wir diesen Punkt erreichen, während der Kongress im August abläuft“, sagte sie und bezog sich auf die jährliche Sommerpause des Gesetzgebers. “Ich denke, ein Zahlungsausfall der Staatsschulden sollte als undenkbar angesehen werden.”

US-Finanzministerin Janet Yellen sagt vor dem Mittelausschuss des Senats für Finanzdienstleistungen über den Finanzantrag des Finanzministeriums für das FY22 auf dem Capitol Hill in Washington, DC, 23. Juni 2021 aus.

Shawn Thew | Schwimmbecken | Reuters

„Ich glaube, es würde eine Finanzkrise auslösen: Es würde die Arbeitsplätze und Ersparnisse der Amerikaner bedrohen, während wir uns noch von der Covid-Pandemie erholen“, fügte sie hinzu. “Ich würde den Kongress bitten, einfach den vollen Glauben und die Kreditwürdigkeit der Vereinigten Staaten zu schützen, indem er die Schuldengrenze so schnell wie möglich anhebt oder aussetzt.”

Das bloße Gespenst eines Staatsbankrotts kann erhebliche Auswirkungen auf die Märkte haben.

Im Jahr 2011 kamen die festgefahrenen Republikaner des Repräsentantenhauses und das Weiße Haus Obamas innerhalb weniger Tage nach einem regelrechten Zahlungsausfall.

Der S&P 500 fiel fünf Tage in Folge, bevor der Gesetzgeber schließlich einen Deal abschloss. Dieser Ausverkauf strich 4% aus dem Marktindex und war die schlimmste Woche seit mehr als 12 Monaten.

Die Ratingagentur Standard & Poor’s hat US-Kreditpapiere erstmals in der Geschichte des Landes von AAA auf AA+ herabgestuft.

Ein Zahlungsausfall “könnte alle Arten von Chaos an den Finanzmärkten verursachen”, sagte Feroli. “Ein Teil dieses Chaos ist bekannt, aber es sind die Unbekannten, die die Leute wegen des technischen Ausfalls sehr beunruhigen.”

Der Ökonom von JPMorgan fügte hinzu, dass Geschäftsverträge die Parteien oft erfordern, Sicherheiten von nicht ausfallenden Unternehmen zu stellen, zu denen bisher Staatsanleihen gehörten.

“Wenn die Sicherheiten des Finanzministeriums nicht mehr zulässig sind, würde das dem Finanzsystem wirklich den Boden unter den Füßen wegziehen”, sagte er.

Dauerhafte politische Gefahr

Feroli und andere machen sich jedoch keine Sorgen um Washingtons Zahlungsfähigkeit.

Das eigentliche Risiko besteht darin, dass die politischen Bestrebungen für den Wahlzyklus 2022 Yellen daran hindern, die Rechnungen der Regierung rechtzeitig zu bezahlen.

Und das liegt daran, dass nur sehr wenige Politiker, ob Demokraten oder Republikaner, gerne als Befürworter einer immer weiter steigenden Staatsverschuldung hingestellt werden, selbst wenn die Ausgaben der Regierung ansonsten beliebt sind.

Republikaner zum Beispiel haben sich in der Vergangenheit für Milliarden von Dollar für das Militär und die von ihnen vertretene Agrarindustrie eingesetzt. Demokraten suchen derzeit nach Billionen, um Familien zu unterstützen, bezahlte Familienurlaubsprogramme auszuweiten und das College erschwinglicher zu machen.

Erschwerend kommt in diesem Jahr die Tatsache hinzu, dass Kongressabgeordnete beider Parteien bestrebt sind, Kompromisse bei einem Billionen-Dollar-Infrastrukturabkommen zu finden, und die Demokraten versuchen, mehrere konkurrierende Interessen innerhalb ihrer Fraktion auszubalancieren.

Ein erfolgreicher Infrastrukturvertrag würde bedeuten, dass der Gesetzgeber noch in diesem Jahr zur Pause nach Hause gehen und seinen Wählern zeigen könnte, wie viel Bundesmittel sie für die Straßen, Brücken und das Breitband des Bezirks gesichert haben.

Die Schuldenobergrenze hingegen ist das Gegenteil: Eine Abstimmung ohne greifbaren Nutzen für die Wähler, aber jede Menge Kehrseite, wenn ihre Gegner ihnen nächstes Jahr vorwerfen, die Staatsverschuldung in die Höhe zu treiben.

Drei Möglichkeiten

In den kommenden Wochen wird der Sprecher des Repräsentantenhauses Pelosi mit drei Optionen konfrontiert, von denen jede Risiken birgt.

Die erste Option wäre, eine Erhöhung der Schuldenobergrenze in das massive Versöhnungsgesetz zu stecken, das die Demokraten noch in diesem Jahr verabschieden wollen.

Der Vorteil dieser Strategie wäre, dass der restliche Inhalt des Gesetzentwurfs die Wähler wahrscheinlich von der unpopulären Abstimmung über die Schuldenobergrenze ablenken würde, die in den Tausenden von Seiten der Gesetzgebung verborgen ist.

Das Risiko besteht jedoch darin, dass die Verhandlungen über dieses nur den Demokraten vorbehaltene Gesetz bis weit in den September und möglicherweise sogar in den Oktober hinein dauern werden.

Angesichts von Yellens drastischen Warnungen vor der begrenzten Fähigkeit des Finanzministeriums, die Notfinanzierung der Regierung anzuzapfen, könnte die Bindung der Schuldenobergrenze an das Versöhnungsgesetz einem Roulettespiel mit Amerikas Kreditwürdigkeit gleichkommen.

Die zweite Möglichkeit wäre die Einrichtung einer eigenständigen Abstimmung, um die Schuldenobergrenze entweder auszusetzen oder anzuheben.

Der Vorteil dieser Strategie wäre, dass die Kreditaufnahmegrenze nicht an eine knifflige Ausgleichsrechnung gebunden wird.

Aber eigenständige Abstimmungen zur Anhebung der Schuldenobergrenze sind bei einfachen Mitgliedern zutiefst unpopulär, und Pelosi würde wahrscheinlich von ihrem Caucus zurückgewiesen werden, wenn sie versuchen würde, eine solche Abstimmung zu planen.

Die Sprecherin des US-Repräsentantenhauses Nancy Pelosi (D-CA) steht am 1. Juli 2021 mit Mitgliedern des Democratic Women’s Caucus (DWC) während einer Presseveranstaltung zur Care Economy im US-Kapitol in Washington.

Jonathan Ernst | Reuters

Es gibt eine dritte Möglichkeit: Anstatt die Schuldenobergrenze anzuheben, könnten die Demokraten versuchen, die Grenze für ein weiteres Jahr auszusetzen, entweder durch eine eigenständige Abstimmung oder als Teil eines unabhängigen Gesetzentwurfs.

Der Vorteil hier? Die Vermeidung einer harten Abstimmung zur Erhöhung der Staatsschuldengrenze wurde durch die mageren Mehrheiten der Demokraten erschwert.

Der Nachteil? Eine einjährige Suspendierung müsste beide Kammern passieren, und die 60-Stimmen-Schwelle des Senats bedeutet, dass die Republikaner die Verabschiedung des Gesetzentwurfs verzögern könnten, bis sie Zugeständnisse von den Demokraten in einer Reihe anderer Fragen erhalten.

Um einen Kommentar zu dieser Geschichte gebeten, verwies ein Sprecher des Mehrheitsführers im Senat, Chuck Schumer, DN.Y., CNBC auf die Bemerkungen des Senators im Mai.

“Wissen Sie, ich finde es eine absolute Schande, dass die Republikaner die Schuldenobergrenze, die sich mit der finanziellen Absicherung befasst, als eine Art politisches Thema nutzen”, sagte Schumer damals. “Wir sollten etwas richtig machen.”

Ein Sprecher des Büros des Sprechers des Repräsentantenhauses antwortete nicht auf die Bitte von CNBC um einen Kommentar.

Auch für die Republikaner ist die Abstimmung kein Kinderspiel. Während Demokraten wegen ihrer Ausgaben oft kritisiert werden, sind Mitglieder der GOP während der Vorwahlen anfällig für ähnliche Angriffe von Herausforderern in ihrer eigenen Partei.

“Es gibt viele Republikaner, die ihnen über die Schulter schauen”, sagte Block, der Politikstratege von Fundstrat. “Sie wissen, dass sie das Risiko eingehen, dass ein republikanischer Gegner in einem Vorwahlkampf gegen sie als unverantwortlicher Geldgeber gewinnt.”

Die Vertreter des Minderheitenführers im Senat, Mitch McConnell, R-Ky., und des Minderheitenführers des Repräsentantenhauses, Kevin McCarthy, R-Kalifornien, antworteten nicht sofort auf die Bitte von CNBC um einen Kommentar.

Block setzt darauf, dass die Führung der Demokraten versuchen wird, die Bestimmung der Schuldenobergrenze in einen großen Gesetzentwurf aufzunehmen, wie zum Beispiel den aktuellen Infrastrukturvertrag.

Dieser Ansatz, sagte er, erlaube den Republikanern nicht nur, ihr Gesicht zu wahren, indem sie ihnen einen Grund zur Abstimmung bieten, sondern übe auch Druck auf progressive Demokraten aus, die sonst möglicherweise noch mehr von einem Infrastrukturplan verlangen würden, der die Finanzierung des Klimawandels oder sozialer Programme ausschließt.

“Es ist einfach wirklich schwierig, die offensichtlichen strukturellen Notwendigkeiten einer Erhöhung der Politik Ihres Mitglieds zu beschreiben”, sagte Block. “Das Hauptanliegen fast jedes Mitarbeiters ist es, sein Mitglied gewählt zu bekommen und seinen Arbeitsplatz zu retten.”

— Thomas Franck berichtete aus New York und Christina Wilkie aus Washington.

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Politics

Biden Forcefully Defends U.S. Withdrawal From Afghanistan

John F. Kirby, a Pentagon spokesman, said the military was looking at relocating Afghan interpreters and their families to U.S. territories, American military installations outside the United States, and in other countries outside of Afghanistan.

The war began two decades ago, the president argued, not to rebuild a distant nation but to prevent terror attacks like the one on Sept. 11, 2001, and to bring Osama bin Laden to justice. In essence, Mr. Biden said the longest war in United States history should have ended a decade ago, when Bin Laden was killed.

“We did not go to Afghanistan to nation-build,” he said. “And it’s the right and the responsibility of Afghan people alone to decide their future and how they want to run their country.”

Mr. Biden delivered his remarks even as the democratic government in Kabul teeters under a Taliban siege that has displaced tens of thousands of Afghan civilians and allowed the insurgent group to capture much of the country.

The rapid American withdrawal, he said, was a matter of safety.

“Our military commanders advised me that once I made the decision to end the war, we needed to move swiftly to conduct the main elements of the drawdown,” Mr. Biden said. “And in this context, speed is safety.”

In an effort to provide limited reassurance to the Afghan government, he said the American mission to help defend the country would continue through Aug. 31, though most combat troops have already left, leaving a force of under 1,000 to defend the American embassy and the country’s airport.

At another time in the country’s history, Mr. Biden’s speech, and the final withdrawal of troops from Afghanistan, might have roiled politics in the United States.

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Politics

DOJ declined to prosecute 82% of hate crime suspects from 2005 to 2019

Dental students and others crowd during a vigil at the University of North Carolina following the murder of three Muslim students on February 11, 2015 in Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Brendan Smialowski | AFP | Getty Images

The U.S. Department of Justice declined to prosecute 82% of hate crime suspects investigated between 2005 and 2019, according to a report released Thursday.

The report follows recent efforts by Attorney General Merrick Garland to enhance the Justice Department’s role in combating hate crimes and incidents.

Four pieces of US Criminal Code define hate crimes as crimes committed based on a victim’s characteristics, such as race, national origin, sexual orientation, gender identity, religion, or disability.

Recently, reports of hate crimes against Americans in Asia and Pacific Islanders have increased during the pandemic, with many attributing the surge to former President Donald Trump’s rhetoric blaming China for spreading Covid-19 in the US

According to the Bureau of Justice Statistics, the federal prosecutor’s office completed investigations into a total of 1,878 suspects of potential hate crimes in the 2005 to 2019 financial years. However, only 17% of suspects were prosecuted by US lawyers, while 1% of cases were settled by US magistrate judges.

The report cited insufficient evidence as the most common reason hate crimes were prosecuted. Decisions to prosecute hate crimes generally rest with United States lawyers in the country’s 94 judicial districts.

The Justice Department did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request to comment on the report’s findings.

President Joe Biden signed a bill in May that would direct the Department of Justice to expedite the investigation of hate crimes related to the pandemic and provide more resources to local law enforcement agencies to follow up on the incidents.

In May, Garland announced its own six-step plan to tackle hate crimes. These include increasing resources and coordination, facilitating the expedited review of hate crimes, and improving the department’s voice access capabilities to overcome the incident reporting barrier, among other things.

“Since its inception, the Justice Department has tried to combat illegal acts of hatred,” Garland said in the memo that outlined the plan in May. “As members of the department, we need to continue this work as much as possible and build on it.”

Garland’s plan also instructs US attorneys across the country to “build trust” with the communities they serve to increase hate crime coverage and appoint local criminal and civil attorneys to act as civil rights coordinators.

While the report found low law enforcement rates for hate crime suspects at the federal level, it also found that hate crimes prosecuted by prosecutors are largely successful. The conviction rate for all hate crimes rose from 83% in 2005 to 2009 to 94% in 2015 to 2019.

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Politics

North Dakota Sues the Biden Administration Over Oil and Gasoline Leases

The state of North Dakota has sued the Biden government for suspending new state and waterway oil and gas leases, claiming that doing so has cost the state nearly $ 5 billion in lost revenue and more than half a billion barrels of oil in the ground will hold.

President Biden ordered the suspension days after he took office as part of his climate change agenda – but the move was blocked in federal court in June so states can proceed with new leases.

North Dakota joins 14 other states with Republican attorneys general who have filed lawsuits over the moratorium on new leases.

The Interior Ministry, the federal agency that oversees oil and gas leases, declined to comment.

In the lawsuit filed Wednesday in the US District Court for the North Dakota County, the state called the moratorium illegal and said the Home Office had exceeded its powers to suspend the sale of leases.

It also alleged that the suspension of two North Dakota leases, originally scheduled for March and June, has already cost the state tens of millions in lost revenue.

North Dakota is the second largest producer of oil and gas in the United States, and more than half of the state government’s revenue comes from oil and gas taxes.

“This significant damage to North Dakota will increase rapidly,” the lawsuit said, as the “illegal federal government moratorium may continue”.

If the moratorium continues next year, the lawsuit said, leases on nearly 150,000 acres of North Dakota would be blocked, preventing the construction of more than 1,000 oil and gas wells and the production of 555 million barrels of oil. The estimated total loss of revenue is $ 4.77 billion.

“I took these steps to protect the North Dakota economy, the jobs of our hardworking citizens, and North Dakota’s right to control its own natural resources,” said Wayne Stenehjem, the North Dakota attorney general, in a Explanation.

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Politics

Western warmth wave just about not possible with out local weather change, researchers say

People sleep at a cooling shelter set up during an unprecedented heat wave in Portland, Oregon, U.S. June 27, 2021.

Maranie Staab | Reuters

SANTA MONICA, Calif. — The deadly heat wave that brought triple-digit temperatures to the Pacific Northwest and western Canada and killed hundreds of people was virtually impossible without human-caused climate change, according to a new analysis by an international team of 27 scientists.

The temperature records were so extreme — 116 degrees Fahrenheit in Portland, Oregon, and 121 degrees Fahrenheit in Canada’s British Columbia — that researchers said it was difficult to quantify just how rare the heat wave was. The team, working under the umbrella of Oxford University-based World Weather Attribution, estimated it was a once-in-a-millennium event.

The scientists, who are based in the U.S., Canada, the U.K., the Netherlands, France, Germany and Switzerland, estimated that human-caused climate change increased the likelihood of such a heat wave by at least 150 times.

“An event such as the Pacific Northwest 2021 heatwave is still rare or extremely rare in today’s climate, yet would be virtually impossible without human-caused climate change,” the team of scientists wrote. “As warming continues, it will become a lot less rare.”

The researchers urged adaptation measures that account for the rising risk of heat waves, including action plans that incorporate early warning systems for high temperatures, as well as more ambitious targets to drastically reduce planet-warming greenhouse gas emissions.

Researchers also found that in a world with 2 degrees Celsius of warming, which could happen this century unless there are significant cuts to greenhouse gas emissions, such a heat event would occur about every five to 10 years.

The Earth has already heated up more than 1 degree Celsius compared with preindustrial levels, according to the World Meteorological Organization.

The analysis by World Weather Attribution, which conducts quick analyses to determine if there is a link between climate change and specific extreme weather events, has not yet been peer-reviewed. However, it uses processes that have been peer-reviewed in the past 10 years.

Scientists used computer simulations that compared a hypothetical world without greenhouse gas emissions to the existing world in order to assess the impact of climate change on weather events. The research will later be published in peer-reviewed journals.

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The study, published on Wednesday, is in line with previous research on the impact climate change has on the frequency and severity of heat waves and drought.

The recent historic heat wave, which started at the end of June, fueled wildfires, threatened water shortages and was linked to hundreds of deaths in Oregon, Washington and British Columbia. The official death count is expected to rise.

More than one-third of global heat-related deaths during warm seasons can be attributed to climate change, experts have said. Heat also kills more people than any other weather-related disaster in the U.S.

“Our results provide a strong warning: our rapidly warming climate is bringing us into uncharted territory that has significant consequences for health, well-being and livelihoods,” the scientists wrote.

North America just recorded its hottest June on record, according to scientists with the Copernicus Climate Change Service, with 2021 virtually certain to be among the 10 hottest years on record.