Categories
Politics

Belarus sanctioned after diversion of Ryanair flight to arrest journalist

This Sunday, March 26, 2017, the Belarusian police arrested the journalist Raman Pratasevich (center) in Minsk, Belarus.

Sergei Grits | AP

WASHINGTON – The Biden government imposed a series of sanctions on Belarus on Monday amid western anger over the forced diversion of a Ryanair flight to arrest an opposition journalist.

Last month, a passenger plane flying from Greece to Lithuania was suddenly diverted to Minsk, the capital of Belarus. The Ryanair flight was escorted to Minsk by a Soviet-era MiG-29 fighter jet. On landing, the authorities arrested the opposition journalist Roman Protasevich.

The extraordinary diversion of an airliner has been called a “hijack” by some leaders of the European Union. The 27-nation bloc immediately imposed sanctions on Belarus, including banning the use of airspace and airports within the EU for its airlines.

The State Department has now followed suit and has sanctioned 46 Belarusian officials for their involvement in the arrest of Protasevich. In addition, the Treasury Department announced sanctions against 16 individuals and five companies.

“These steps are also a response to the ongoing repression in Belarus, including attacks on human rights, democratic processes and fundamental freedoms,” wrote Foreign Minister Antony Blinken in a statement on Monday, adding that the sanctions are with Canada, the European Union and the UK.

“These coordinated designations show the unwavering transatlantic commitment to support the democratic aspirations of the Belarusian people,” wrote Blinken.

The Belarusian embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to CNBC’s request for comment.

Belarusian President Alexander Lukashenko, a staunch defender of Russian President Vladimir Putin, faced widespread calls for resignation after a controversial election that put him back into a sixth term. The almost daily protests rocked Belarus for almost three months.

“The persons named today have a declaration to the people of Belarus through their activities around the fraudulent presidential election on the 9th.

Members of the Belarusian diaspora and Ukrainian activists incinerate white and red smoke grenades during a rally in support of the Belarusian people who died on Aug.

Sergei Supinsky | AFP | Getty Images

Those sanctioned by the United States on Monday include some of Lukashenko’s closest associates: his spokeswoman Natallia Eismant and former chief of staff Natallia Kachanava, who is currently his ambassador for the president in Minsk, Mikalai Karpiankou, the deputy interior minister of Belarus and the current commander the Belarusian Police and the Belarusian Prosecutor General Andrei Shved.

The State Security Committee of the Republic of Belarus, also known as the Belarusian KGB, has also been sanctioned by the United States

“The Belarusian KGB has arrested, intimidated and otherwise pressured the opposition to include Pratasevich,” the Treasury Department wrote in a statement, adding that the organization increased its crimes after Lukashenko’s 2020 election, by the US and their allies are viewed as fraudulent.

The Ministry of Finance has also sanctioned the internal troops of the Ministry of Interior of the Republic of Belarus, a Belarusian police force, for violently suppressing peaceful protesters since the 2020 presidential election.

The sanctions against Belarus, a Russian ally, follow President Joe Biden’s first face-to-face meeting with his Russian counterpart in Switzerland, at which the two agreed to resume nuclear talks and return their respective ambassadors to their posts.

National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan said on Sunday the US is preparing additional sanctions against Russia for the imprisonment of Kremlin critic Alexei Navalny.

“We are preparing another package of sanctions to be applied in this case,” said Sullivan on CNN’s Sunday program “State of the Union”. “It will come as soon as we develop the packages to make sure we are achieving the right goals,” he added.

Concerns over Navalny’s detention and deteriorating health are the latest blow to already strained relations between Moscow and the West.

Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, accused of disregarding the terms of a suspended sentence for embezzlement, is attending a court hearing in Moscow, Russia, on February 2, 2021.

Moscow City Court | Reuters

Categories
Health

New Alzheimer’s Drug Might Value the Authorities as A lot as It Spends on NASA

Es wird erwartet, dass Medicare ein neu zugelassenes Medikament zur Behandlung der Alzheimer-Krankheit in Höhe von mehreren Milliarden Dollar kosten wird. Einer Prognose zufolge könnten die Ausgaben für das Medikament für die Patienten von Medicare am Ende höher sein als die Budgets der Umweltschutzbehörde oder der NASA.

Es gibt wenig Beweise dafür, dass das Medikament Aduhelm das Fortschreiten der Demenz verlangsamt, aber die Food and Drug Administration hat es diesen Monat genehmigt. Analysten gehen davon aus, dass Medicare und seine Teilnehmer, die einen Teil ihrer Kosten für verschreibungspflichtige Medikamente zahlen, in einem einzigen Jahr 5,8 bis 29 Milliarden US-Dollar für das Medikament ausgeben werden.

„Es ist unergründlich“, sagte Tricia Neuman, geschäftsführende Direktorin des Programms zur Medicare-Politik der Kaiser Family Foundation. “Das sind verrückte Zahlen.”

Viele andere Medikamente kosten mehr als Aduhelm, das von Biogen hergestellt wird und jährlich 56.000 US-Dollar kosten wird. Der Unterschied besteht darin, dass es Millionen potenzieller Kunden gibt und das Medikament voraussichtlich über Jahre hinweg eingenommen wird.

Die Zulassung des Medikaments stößt bei Gesundheitspolitikern und Pharmaforschern auf Kritik wegen fehlender nachgewiesener Wirksamkeit. Wirksam oder nicht, wenn es allgemein verschrieben wird, könnte es einen überwältigenden Einfluss auf das Budget von Medicare haben, da das öffentliche Programm die überwiegende Mehrheit der fast sechs Millionen Amerikaner mit einer Alzheimer-Diagnose abdeckt.

Es gibt kaum einen Präzedenzfall für einen plötzlichen Ausgabenruck dieser Größenordnung. Selbst am unteren Ende der Prognosen würde Aduhelm zu einem der teuersten Medikamente von Medicare werden.

Am oberen Ende sagen Analysten, dass das neue Medikament die jährlichen Ausgaben von Medicare für Medikamente, die in Krankenhäusern und Arztpraxen geliefert werden, um 50 Prozent erhöhen könnte (wie es Aduhelm, das intravenös verabreicht wird, sein müsste).

Die Vergleiche hier sind ungefähre Angaben: Ein Drittel der Medicare-Mitglieder ist durch private Medicare Advantage-Pläne abgesichert, die keine detaillierten Informationen zu den in Arztpraxen angebotenen Medikamenten enthalten. Um diese Ausgaben zu schätzen, haben wir die Daten zu den Medikamentenausgaben der Medicare-Teilnehmer des traditionellen öffentlichen Programms verwendet und sie erhöht, um den fehlenden Anteil zu berücksichtigen.

Ausgaben in dieser Größenordnung könnten so plötzlich weitreichende Auswirkungen auf Medicare, seine Nutzer und Steuerzahler haben. Die Hinzufügung von 29 Milliarden US-Dollar ein Jahr des Medicare-Haushalts würde durch Erhöhungen sowohl der Ausgaben der Steuerzahler als auch der von allen Medicare-Nutzern gezahlten Prämien gedeckt. Die Prämien könnten auch für Zusatzpläne steigen, die viele Medicare-Leistungsempfänger kaufen, um Kosten auszugleichen, die das Programm nicht direkt bezahlt. Und die Kosten werden wahrscheinlich auf die Staatshaushalte übergreifen, wo Medicaid Prämien für einkommensschwache Medicare-Mitglieder zahlt.

Kongress, Haushaltsexperten und mehrere Weiße Häuser haben Jahre damit verbracht, Wege zur Reduzierung der Ausgaben für Medicare, einen großen und wachsenden Anteil des Bundeshaushalts, vorzuschlagen. Aber viele dieser Vorschläge sind politisch schwer zu erreichen – und die meisten würden weniger als die prognostizierten Kosten von Aduhelm einsparen.

“Es ist so viel Arbeit, Einsparungen zu erzielen, die wirklich viel kleiner sind, als dieses eine Medikament kosten würde”, sagte Joshua Gordon, der Direktor für Gesundheitspolitik beim Ausschuss für einen verantwortungsvollen Bundeshaushalt, der sagt, dass er sich ständig Gedanken über die Herausforderungen gemacht hat von Aduhelm seit seiner Zulassung erhoben.

Die Kostenprognosen variieren, da Analysten nicht sicher sind, wie viele Patienten das neue Medikament letztendlich verwenden werden. Die Zulassung der FDA könnte für jeden gelten, bei dem Alzheimer diagnostiziert wurde – etwa sechs Millionen Menschen. Das Medikament wurde jedoch für eine kleinere Gruppe von rund 1,5 Millionen Patienten entwickelt, die sich im Frühstadium der Krankheit befinden. Analysten sind sich noch nicht sicher, wem Ärzte die Behandlung empfehlen und welche Familien sie ausprobieren möchten. Die FDA hat Biogen gebeten, das Medikament bis 2030 weiter zu untersuchen, aber die Verschreibung könnte weit verbreitet werden, bevor weitere öffentliche Ergebnisse darüber vorliegen, wie gut es wirkt.

Allison Parks, eine Sprecherin von Biogen, sagte in einer E-Mail, dass sich das Unternehmen darauf konzentrieren werde, die Art von Patienten zu erreichen, die in den klinischen Studien des Unternehmens untersucht wurden, „im frühen symptomatischen Stadium der Krankheit“.

Aktualisiert

21. Juni 2021, 20:11 Uhr ET

Die Bandbreite spiegelt eine Vielzahl von angemessenen Expertenschätzungen wider. Die hohe Schätzung, die sich auf ein Kaiser-Papier stützt, geht davon aus, dass etwa ein Viertel der zwei Millionen Medicare-Eingeschriebenen, die derzeit eine Alzheimer-Behandlung erhalten, diese einnehmen werden. Der niedrige Wert basiert auf einer Schätzung der Analysten von Cowen and Company von einem Gesamtumsatz von 7 Milliarden US-Dollar bis 2023.

Es ist schwierig abzuschätzen, wie viele Patienten das Medikament einnehmen werden. Aduhelm ist nicht nur teuer, sondern auch etwas schwer einzunehmen und erfordert monatliche persönliche Besuche in einem Infusionszentrum zur Behandlung. Patienten, die es einnehmen, müssen während ihrer Behandlungen mehrere Gehirnscans durchführen, um nach Nebenwirkungen zu suchen.

Und die Nebenwirkungen selbst – etwa 40 Prozent der Patienten in einer klinischen Studie zeigten Anzeichen einer Hirnschwellung – können einige Patienten davon abhalten, das Medikament auszuprobieren, und andere dazu veranlassen, die Einnahme abzubrechen. (Die vielen Scans – und Behandlungen für schwerwiegendere Nebenwirkungen – würden auch von Medicare abgedeckt.)

Es gibt sechs Millionen Medicare-Angehörige, die keine Zusatzversicherung abschließen, die möglicherweise 20 Prozent der Arzneimittelkosten bezahlen müssen, in diesem Fall 11.200 USD pro Jahr.

Dennoch kann die Nachfrage von Familien groß sein, die angesichts einer verheerenden Diagnose eine Möglichkeit sehen, einzugreifen. Bisher gab es nur wenige Behandlungsmöglichkeiten für Patienten, die hoffen, den kognitiven Rückgang durch die Krankheit zu verhindern.

„Es ist schon an sich schwer, einen geliebten Menschen zu haben, die Uhr ticken zu sehen und zu sagen: Nun, lass uns einfach warten“, sagte Dr. Steven Pearson, Hausarzt und Präsident des Institute for Clinical and Economic Review (ICER). ). „Es ist sehr schwer, den Drang zu ignorieren, etwas zu tun.“

Bidens Haushalt 202222

    • Ein neues Jahr, ein neues Budget: Das Geschäftsjahr 2022 für die Bundesregierung beginnt am 1. Oktober, und Präsident Biden hat bekannt gegeben, was er ab diesem Zeitpunkt ausgeben möchte. Aber jede Ausgabe erfordert die Zustimmung beider Kammern des Kongresses.
    • Ambitionierte Gesamtausgaben: Präsident Biden möchte, dass die Bundesregierung im Fiskaljahr 2022 6 Billionen US-Dollar ausgibt und die Gesamtausgaben bis 2031 auf 8,2 Billionen US-Dollar steigen. Dies würde die Vereinigten Staaten auf den höchsten anhaltenden Stand der Bundesausgaben seit dem Zweiten Weltkrieg bringen, während sie laufen Defizite von über 1,3 Billionen US-Dollar in den nächsten zehn Jahren.
    • Infrastrukturplan: Das Budget skizziert das gewünschte erste Jahr der Investition des Präsidenten in seinen American Jobs Plan, der darauf abzielt, Verbesserungen von Straßen, Brücken, öffentlichen Verkehrsmitteln und mehr mit insgesamt 2,3 Milliarden US-Dollar über acht Jahre zu finanzieren.
    • Familienplan: Das Budget befasst sich auch mit dem anderen wichtigen Ausgabenvorschlag, den Biden bereits eingeführt hat, seinem American Families Plan, der darauf abzielt, das soziale Sicherheitsnetz der Vereinigten Staaten zu stärken, indem der Zugang zu Bildung erweitert, die Kosten für Kinderbetreuung gesenkt und Frauen in der Arbeitswelt unterstützt werden.
    • Pflichtprogramme: Wie üblich machen obligatorische Ausgaben für Programme wie Social Security, Medicaid und Medicare einen erheblichen Teil des vorgeschlagenen Budgets aus. Sie wachsen, während die Bevölkerung Amerikas altert.
    • Ermessensausgaben: Die Mittel für die einzelnen Budgets der Agenturen und Programme der Exekutive würden im Jahr 2022 rund 1,5 Billionen US-Dollar erreichen, eine Steigerung um 16 Prozent gegenüber dem vorherigen Budget.
    • Wie Biden dafür bezahlen würde: Der Präsident würde seine Agenda weitgehend durch Steuererhöhungen für Unternehmen und Gutverdiener finanzieren, was in den 2030er Jahren beginnen würde, die Haushaltsdefizite zu verringern. Verwaltungsbeamte sagten, Steuererhöhungen würden die Beschäftigungs- und Familienpläne im Laufe von 15 Jahren vollständig ausgleichen, was der Haushaltsantrag unterstützt. In der Zwischenzeit würde das Haushaltsdefizit jedes Jahr über 1,3 Billionen US-Dollar bleiben.

Ärzte, die dieses Medikament verabreichen und für diese Arbeit einen Prozentsatz des hohen Preises des Medikaments von Medicare erhalten, könnten finanzielle Anreize haben, Ja zu sagen, wenn Patienten danach fragen.

“Die Auswirkungen dieses einen Medikaments und der damit verbundenen Verfahren sind enorm”, sagte Rachel Sachs, Rechtsprofessorin an der Washington University in St. Louis und Autorin eines kürzlich in The Atlantic erschienenen Essays, in dem behauptet wird, dass das Medikament “die amerikanische Gesundheit verletzen” könnte Pflege.”

Private Versicherer können Hindernisse für die Behandlung errichten, die von Patienten zusätzliche Tests verlangen oder nachweisen, dass andere Optionen nicht funktioniert haben. Unter normalen Umständen deckt Medicare jedoch Medikamente ab, die von der FDA zugelassen sind. Medicare entscheidet, welche Medikamente abgedeckt werden, basierend darauf, ob sie „angemessen und notwendig“ sind, nicht auf deren Kosten.

Medicare ist verpflichtet, diese Art von Arzneimitteln zunächst zum Listenpreis zuzüglich einer Gebühr von 3 Prozent an den behandelnden Arzt zu zahlen. Und dann, nach etwa einem Jahr auf dem Markt, zahlt es den durchschnittlichen Verkaufspreis plus 6 Prozent. Bei Arzneimitteln mit Konkurrenz kann dieser Durchschnittspreis erheblich unter dem Aufkleberpreis liegen. Aber für ein Medikament wie Aduhelm, das das erste seiner Art ist, darf der Arzneimittelhersteller Ärzten keine Rabatte anbieten.

Medicare, das 61 Millionen Amerikaner ab 65 Jahren abdeckt, hat einige Instrumente, um die Kosten einzudämmen. Es könnte beschließen, das Medikament in einer Weise abzudecken, die eingeschränkter als die FDA-Zulassung ist, eine Abweichung von seiner normalen Praxis.

Oder es könnte etwas noch Ungewöhnlicheres tun: Eine unerwartete Allianz von Befürwortern hat vorgeschlagen, dass Medicare das Medikament einem randomisierten Experiment unterzieht, um zu bewerten, wie gut es wirkt – in einigen Teilen des Landes bezahlen sie für die Abdeckung des Medikaments, in anderen jedoch nicht. Solche politischen Experimente wurden im Rahmen des Affordable Care Act genehmigt, aber noch nie wurde eines verwendet, um die Abdeckung eines Medikaments auf diese Weise einzuschränken.

Andere Länder werden höchstwahrscheinlich die Kosten von Aduhelm kontrollieren, indem sie mit Biogen über einen niedrigeren Preis verhandeln oder einfach den Kauf ablehnen. Die meisten werden die Wirksamkeit des Medikaments berücksichtigen, wenn sie entscheiden, was sie zu zahlen bereit sind. Bisher ist das Medikament nirgendwo sonst auf der Welt zugelassen.

Medicare kann das nicht. Aufgrund der Art und Weise, wie sie nach geltendem Recht für Medikamente bezahlt, hat sie keine Möglichkeit, den Preis herunterzuhandeln. Demokraten unterstützen zunehmend Gesetze, die dies ändern. Das Repräsentantenhaus verabschiedete 2019 ein Gesetz, das Medicare die Befugnis geben würde, einige Preise auszuhandeln, aber es starb im Senat. Im April brachten die Gesetzgeber den gleichen Gesetzentwurf wieder ins Repräsentantenhaus ein.

Präsident Biden unterstützt es, Medicare die Aushandlung von Medikamentenpreisen zu ermöglichen, hat die Richtlinie jedoch nicht in seinen vorgeschlagenen amerikanischen Familienplan aufgenommen.

Dr. Pearson von ICER schätzt, dass, wenn die Wirksamkeit des neuen Medikaments berücksichtigt würde, ein fairer Preis 2.500 bis 8.300 US-Dollar betragen würde.

“Es wird interessant sein zu sehen, ob dies eine Diskussion über faire Preise in den Vereinigten Staaten auslöst”, sagte er. “In den Augen der meisten Leute sieht dies wie ein hervorragendes Beispiel für einen Preis aus, der einfach nicht mit den Beweisen übereinstimmt.”

Methodik: Die geschätzten aktuellen Ausgaben für Medicare-Teil-B-Medikamente wurden vom Centers for Medicare- und Medicaid-Services-Teil-B-Drogenausgaben-Dashboard entnommen und um 54 Prozent angehoben, um Medicare-Leistungsempfänger zu berücksichtigen, die in Medicare Advantage-Plänen eingeschrieben sind. Aufgrund der Demografie, wer an welchem ​​Programm teilnimmt, kann diese Annahme die aktuellen Drogenausgaben überschätzen.)

Die Medikamentenausgaben von Medicare Teil D wurden direkt aus dem CMS Teil D-Drogenausgaben-Dashboard entnommen und stellen möglicherweise eine Überschätzung dar, da diese Zahlen nicht alle an Medikamentenpläne gezahlten Rabatte enthalten.

Die hohe Schätzung der Ausgaben von Aduhelm stammt aus einem Papier der Kaiser Family Foundation. Die niedrige Schätzung wird aus einer Gesamtumsatzschätzung von Cowen and Company abgeleitet und angepasst, um schätzungsweise 80 Prozent der Alzheimer-Patienten zu Beginn ihrer Krankheit zu berücksichtigen, die sich in Medicare eingeschrieben haben – und Medicares anfängliche Zahlung von 3 Prozent an Ärzte für Gemeinkosten und Verwaltung.

Categories
Health

Austrian startup GoStudent turns into Europe’s first edtech unicorn

School children in the Netherlands doing homework at home during the coronavirus crisis.

Robin Utrecht | SOPA Images | LightRocket via Getty Images

LONDON — SoftBank, Tencent and other leading investors are betting that the next big online education company will come out of Europe.

Vienna-based online tutoring start-up GoStudent said Tuesday that it raised 205 million euros ($244 million) in a bumper investment round that values the five-year-old firm at 1.4 billion euros, or about $1.67 billion.

According to CB Insights data, that means GoStudent is Europe’s first education technology — or edtech — unicorn, a start-up with a valuation of at least $1 billion. Though Norwegian rival Kahoot hit a billion-dollar valuation last year, it doesn’t technically count as it has been publicly listed since October 2019.

GoStudent was founded in 2016 by Austrian entrepreneur Felix Ohswald, who was inspired by practical math lessons from his grandfather before he even started school.

“He had this ability to teach you that stuff in a way that was very applicable,” Ohswald told CNBC, referring to his grandfather.

“One of the biggest problems in education is lack of access to great teachers,” he added.

What is GoStudent?

GoStudent is an online service that connects students between the ages of six to 19 with private tutors. The company sells monthly tutoring subscriptions to parents, taking a cut from the tutors’ earnings as commission. GoStudent session prices range from 17.50 euros to 26.90 euros — between $20 to $32 — per month.

Ohswald, who completed his bachelor’s degree in math at the age of 18, said his firm is now selling 400,000 sessions a month, and sales have grown 700% over the last 12 months. GoStudent aims to double the number of monthly sessions on its platform to 800,000 by the end of 2021.

The mindset for online teaching as a whole completely changed.

Felix Ohswald

founder, GoStudent

Edtech companies like Coursera, 2U and Chegg boomed during the coronavirus pandemic as lockdown restrictions pushed 1.5 billion children around the world into remote learning. However, Ohswalt said Covid-19 school closures actually led to a reduction in demand for “supplemental” teaching services like GoStudent.

“On the other hand, the mindset for online teaching as a whole completely changed,” he added. “Suddenly, parents extremely skeptical about online learning before the pandemic now at least give it a chance and try it out.”

GoStudent says it vets all tutors on its website, with Ohswalt describing the application process as “pretty tough.” Just 8% of math tutor applicants succeed in being accepted to run lessons on GoStudent, he said.

But GoStudent was embroiled in controversy earlier this year after it emerged that a 60-year-old who was banned from teaching, because he sold naked pictures of himself to a teenager, was providing lessons on the platform. GoStudent said the teacher gave a fake name and was removed from its service after the company became aware.

Expansion plans

GoStudent’s fresh cash infusion was led by DST Global, an investor in the likes of retail trading app Robinhood and fintech firm Revolut. SoftBank’s Vision Fund 2, Tencent, Dragoneer and existing investors including Coatue also backed the round.

Having raised a total of 291 million euros to date, GoStudent plans to expand beyond Europe — where it has a presence in 15 countries — to other markets like Mexico and Canada by the summer.

Asia is another potential geographic expansion target for the firm, Ohswald said, highlighting the Philippines, Indonesia and Malaysia as “interesting” opportunities. However, he ruled out an expansion into countries like China and India, which are already home to established e-learning players such as Yuanfudao and Byju’s.

GoStudent said it would ramp up hiring and aimed to nearly double its global workforce from 600 employees to 1,000 by year-end. Part of the funding may also be used for acquisitions, the firm said.

Categories
World News

Attacked and Susceptible, Some Afghans Are Forming Their Personal Armies

KABUL, Afghanistan — The slaughter of students, mostly teenagers, at a tutoring center. The deaths of young athletes in a suicide bombing at a wrestling club. Mothers shot dead with newborns in their arms.

These relentless killings of Hazaras, a persecuted minority in Afghanistan, finally proved too much to bear for Zulfiqar Omid, a Hazara leader in the central part of the country.

In April, Mr. Omid began mobilizing armed men into militias to defend Hazara areas against the Taliban and the Islamic State affiliate in Afghanistan. He said he now commands 800 armed men at seven staging areas mustered into what he calls “self-protection groups.”

“Hazaras get killed in cities and on highways, but the government doesn’t protect them,” Mr. Omid said. “Enough is enough. We have to protect ourselves.”

As U.S. and NATO forces withdraw from Afghanistan, and talks falter between the Taliban and the American-backed government, ethnic groups across the country have formed militias or say they plan to arm themselves. The rush to raise fighters and weapons evokes the mujahedeen wars of the early 1990s, when rival militias killed thousands of civilians and left sections of Kabul in ruins.

A concerted and determined militia movement, even if nominally aligned with Afghan security forces, could fracture the unsteady government of President Ashraf Ghani and once again divide the country into fiefs ruled by warlords. Yet these makeshift armies may eventually serve as the last line of defense as security force bases and outposts steadily collapse in the face of a fierce onslaught of attacks by the Taliban.

Since the U.S. troop withdrawal was announced in April, regional strongmen have posted videos on social media showing armed men hoisting assault rifles and vowing to fight the Taliban. Some militia leaders fear the flagging peace talks in Doha, Qatar, will collapse after foreign troops depart and the Taliban will intensify an all-out assault to capture provincial capitals and lay siege to Kabul.

“For the first time in 20 years, power brokers are speaking publicly about mobilizing armed men,” the Afghanistan Analysts Network, a research group in Kabul, wrote in a June 4 report.

Hazaras have the most to fear from a return to power by the Taliban, which massacred thousands of the predominately Shiite group when the Sunni Muslim militants governed most of Afghanistan from 1996 to 2001. The Taliban consider Hazaras heretics.

The most prominent Hazara militia commander is Abdul Ghani Alipur, whose militiamen in Wardak Province, a mountainous area that borders Kabul, have clashed with government forces. Mr. Alipur had been implicated in the shooting down of a military helicopter in March. In an interview, he denied any involvement, although an aide said at the time that Mr. Alipur’s militiamen had shot at the aircraft.

“If we don’t stand up and defend ourselves, history will repeat itself and we will be massacred like during the time of Abdul Rahman Khan,” Mr. Alipur said, referring to the Pashtun “Iron Emir” who ruled in the late 19th century, massacring and enslaving Hazaras. Afghan folklore says he displayed towers built from severed Hazara heads.

“They forced us to pick up guns,” Mr. Alipur said of the government, which has failed to protect Hazaras. “We must carry guns to protect ourselves.”

Over the past two decades, Hazaras have built thriving communities in west Kabul and in Hazarajat, their mountainous homeland in central Afghanistan. But with no militias of their own, they have been vulnerable to attack.

Hazara demands for an army escalated after up to 69 schoolgirls were killed in a bombing in Kabul on May 8. Less than a month later, three public transport minivans were bombed in Kabul’s Hazara neighborhoods, killing 18 civilians, most of them Hazara. Among them was a journalist and her mother, the police said. Since 2016, at least 766 Hazara have been killed in the capital alone in 23 attacks, according to New York Times data.

“Tajik have weapons, Pashtuns are armed,” said Arif Rahmani, a Hazara member of Parliament. “We Hazaras must also have a system to protect ourselves.”

Mahdi Raskih, another Hazara member of Parliament, said he had counted 35 major attacks against Hazaras in recent years — a campaign of genocide, he said. He said he had lost patience with government promises of protection for Hazara schools, mosques and social centers.

“If they can’t provide security, be honest and admit it,” Mr. Raskih said. “People believe the government feels no responsibility for them, so our people must pick up guns and fight.”

Hazara soldiers, police and intelligence officers have quit or have been forced out of the security forces because of discrimination, Mr. Raskih said, providing militias with a valuable source of trained men. Many Hazara politicians, including Mr. Ghani’s second vice president, Sarwar Danesh, have called on the government to stop what they call a genocide of Hazaras. Hundreds of Hazaras have taken to Twitter, at #StopHazarasGenocide, to demand government protection.

Even as some Hazaras mobilize, some Tajik and Uzbek groups never completely disbanded the militias that helped U.S. forces topple the Taliban in 2001. Other ethnic commanders have recently begun forming militias as the Taliban continue to overrun government bases and outposts.

Many of these power brokers are locked in an enduring struggle with the Ghani administration, vying for control, while trying to gain the upper hand in a post-withdrawal Afghanistan.

Nationally, one prominent leader to maintain a militia is Ahmad Massoud, 32, son of Ahmad Shah Massoud, a charismatic commander of the Northern Alliance that helped U.S. forces rout the Taliban in late 2001.

Ahmad Massoud has assembled a coalition of militias in northern Afghanistan. Calling his armed uprising the Second Resistance, Mr. Massoud is purportedly backed by a few thousand fighters and about a dozen aging militia commanders who fought the Taliban and the Soviets.

Some Afghan leaders say Mr. Massoud is too inexperienced to effectively lead an armed movement. But some Western leaders view him as a valuable source of intelligence on Al Qaeda and Islamic State groups inside Afghanistan.

Elsewhere, the roll call of regional leaders who appear to be mobilizing reads like a who’s who of the country’s civil war in the 1990s. But their forces are nowhere near as commanding now.

The brutal Uzbek strongman, Gen. Abdul Rashid Dostum, has long maintained a private army of thousands from his base in Jowzjan Province. General Dostum, who has been accused of war crimes and sodomizing an Uzbek rival with an assault rifle, would nonetheless be a central figure in any armed uprising against the Taliban.

Another power broker whose actions are being watched closely, Atta Muhammad Noor, is a former warlord and commanding figure in Balkh Province, which includes Afghanistan’s commercial hub, Mazar-i-Sharif. He said on Tuesday that he would mobilize his militia forces alongside government troops to try to retake territory that had fallen to the Taliban in recent days after the insurgents’ rapid offensive in the north.

In Herat Province in the west, the former Tajik warlord Mohammed Ismail Khan, another Northern Alliance commander who helped defeat the Taliban, recently broadcast a raucous gathering of armed men on his Facebook page.

Mr. Khan told supporters that a half-million people in Herat were poised to take up arms to “defend you and keep your city safe” — a clear signal that he intended to mobilize his militia if peace talks between the Afghan government and the Taliban collapsed.

Also in Herat, Kamran Alizai, a Pashtun who leads the provincial council, said he commanded a large number of armed men ready to mobilize at a moment’s notice.

“I don’t want to tell you how many armed people I have, but everyone is armed in Afghanistan,” Mr. Alizai said.

If government forces were unable to hold Herat, he said, “We will stand by them and fight the Taliban.”

The Afghanistan Analysts Network reported that Abdul Basir Salangi, a former militia commander and an ex-police chief in Kabul, said in a speech in January that militias were forming in the Salang district in north-central Afghanistan in case talks collapsed. “Such talk has become more blatant since the U.S. troop withdrawal announcement,” the report said.

For Hazara militias, a wild card are thousands of Hazara former fighters of the Fatemiyoun Division, trained by Iran and deployed to Syria in 2014 through 2017, ostensibly to protect Shiite Muslim religious sites from the Sunni Muslim-dominated Islamic State. Others were sent to Yemen to fight alongside Houthi rebels against the Saudi-backed government.

Many Fatemiyoun fighters have returned to Afghanistan, raising fears they will be incorporated into Hazara militias, providing Iran a proxy force inside the country. But analysts and Hazara leaders say former Fatemiyoun have been turned away because of their Iranian ties and potential prosecution by the Afghan government.

In Kabul, many Hazaras say they are ready to take up guns. Mohammad, a shopkeeper who like many Afghans goes by one name, said he crossed a ditch flowing with blood when he ran from his shop to help after explosions rocked the neighboring Sayed Ul-Shuhada high school on May 8, killing the dozens of schoolgirls as they left for home.

“I’m 24, and there have been 24 attacks in my lifetime” against Hazaras, he said. In May 2020, he said, he was visiting his pregnant mother in a maternity ward when gunmen killed 15 people, including mothers cradling newborns.

Mr. Mohammad said several of his friends have recently joined militias led by Mr. Alipur and Mr. Omid.

“If this situation continues,” he said, “I’ll pick up a gun and kill whoever kills us.”

Asadullah Timory contributed reporting from Herat Province, Farooq Jan Mangal from Khost Province and Taimoor Shah from Kandahar Province.

Categories
Politics

Choose Narrows Fits Over Clearing of Protesters Earlier than Trump Photograph Op

WASHINGTON – A federal judge on Monday partially dismissed claims by Black Lives Matter, the American Civil Liberties Union and others who accused the Trump administration of abusing power to forcibly disperse a protest outside the White House last year.

The lawsuits alleged that the government violated the civil rights of protesters and pledged to vacate Lafayette Square so President Donald J. Trump could go to a church near the White House where he had a Bible outside for a photo op held.

But in the 51-page verdict, Trump-appointed US District Judge Dabney L. Friedrich said federal conspiracy claims were “just too speculative” to continue those parts of the lawsuit. She also ruled that the then federal officials named as defendants, such as Attorney General William P. Barr and Gregory T. Monahan, the acting chief of the U.S. Park Police, were entitled to qualified immunity and could not be sued for damage over the episode.

Judge Friedrich, however, allowed lawsuits against continued restrictions on protesters’ access to Lafayette Square and against local police departments in Washington and Arlington Counties, Virginia, to continue.

Scott Michelman, the legal director of the District of Columbia Chapter of the American Civil Liberties Union, said in a statement that the decision to dismiss was an “astounding rejection of our constitutional values ​​and the rights of the First Amendment protesters.” He added that the decision put federal officials above the law.

“Today’s ruling essentially gives the federal government the green light to use force, including deadly force, against protesters while federal officials claim to protect national security,” Michelman said.

Protesters had gathered in Lafayette Square last June to protest the police murder of George Floyd when police officers and the National Guard flocked to the park to disperse the crowd.

The violence that followed became one of the defining moments of the Trump presidency. Mounted police and riot officers used stun grenades, tear gas, batons and clubs to forcibly remove the crowd from the park and historic St. John’s Episcopal Church, which had been damaged in a fire the night before.

Minutes later, Mr. Trump appeared at the church – flanked by aides and intelligence agents. The president posed with a Bible, made no formal remarks, and then went to the White House.

Categories
Entertainment

Who Was Gossip Lady within the Guide Collection?

As we anxiously await the Gossip Girl reboot coming to HBO Max, we have plenty of time to reflect on the original Gossip Girl — no, not the 2000s show starring Leighton Meester and Blake Lively, the book series written by Cecily Von Ziegesar. This YA book series is what the first show was based on, although it features some notable differences (like, um, Blair has a brother? What?). One main question you might have: who was Gossip Girl in the books? As someone who devoured this book series in the early aughts, consider me your resident GG expert. Keep reading for the 4-1-1 (note: spoiler alerts ahead).

So, unless you lived under a rock or just subconsciously banished it from your memory, everyone knows that Dan Humphrey was behind the sassy online blogger Gossip Girl in the TV series (I’m honestly still reeling from that, although now that Penn Badgley is Joe from You, it all makes a little more sense).

Von Ziegesar’s book series is similar to the TV shows in many aspects — they are both set on the Upper East Side in New York City, where Serena, Blair, Chuck, Nate, Jenny, Dan, and other attends lavish parties, dabble in partying and drugs, and have more steamy hookups than any teenager should be allowed. Oh, and the drama! It is just as ever-present through the pages of the books, I’m happy to report. But the biggest difference? Gossip Girl is never actually revealed! Wait, what? Yes, it’s true. All through 11 books in the series, from Gossip Girl to Don’t You Forget About Me, plus the bonus holiday-themed book and the Psycho Killer edition of book one (LOL!), the true identity of the mysterious Gossip Girl is never once revealed. Maybe that’s because all the characters took turns playing her? You’ll never know . . .

The good news is, Kristen Bell is returning as the voice of Gossip Girl, so all is right in the world, no matter who is revealed to be behind the moniker this time. Time will only tell. You know you love it, XOXO!

Categories
Health

Many Alzheimer’s Consultants Say Use of Aduhelm Ought to Be Sharply Restricted

Dr. Selloway, a research director on the site for studies of the drug, was not paid for this work but has received research and consulting fees from Biogen. He said doctors should only use the drug on patients whose status matches those in clinical trials.

“There is no evidence that it could be beneficial for any other stage of Alzheimer’s disease,” he said.

Mary Sano, director of the Alzheimer’s Research Center at Mount Sinai in New York City, said the criteria she and other panelists outlined were “very important”, saying that “it will be very restrictive and the ability to use this drug with.” Sharing a wide range of people with others will be significantly limited, at least at this point in time. “

For dementia clinicians, treating people with only mild symptoms would mean that “most of your staff is unlikely to be an option in your current practice,” said Dr. Sano.

In its decision, the FDA admitted that there was not the proof of benefit usually required by the authorities. As a result, it is making it available to Aduhelm under a program called accelerated approval, which spearheads the drug’s ability to lower amyloid levels in the brain. But reducing amyloid is not the same as slowing down symptoms of dementia. Many amyloid-lowering drugs failed to slow the decline in clinical trials, a story that makes some experts particularly suspicious of trusting Aduhelm based on the evidence presented so far.

Also, given the agency’s focus on amyloid in its approval decision and the fact that all participants in the clinical trial were required to have high levels of amyloid, experts were surprised that the FDA label does not mandate patient screening for the protein. Doctors at the Alzheimer’s Association forum all said that high levels of amyloid, typically measured by PET scans or spinal puncture, should be a prerequisite for treatment.

Several of the panelists said that relatively few doctors and clinics, at least initially, would be able to adequately diagnose, screen, and treat patients.

“This is not a simple drug,” said Dr. Paul Aisen, director of the Alzheimer’s Therapeutic Research Institute at the University of Southern California and co-author of an article calling on the FDA to approve the drug. “I think identifying the right people to treat and supervise treatment requires knowledge and experience, and there are very few clinicians who have that experience.”

Categories
Politics

Supreme Court docket guidelines in opposition to NCAA in compensation struggle with faculty athletes

The Supreme Court handed a unanimous victory Monday to Division I college athletes in their fight against the National Collegiate Athletic Association over caps it sought to impose on compensation related to education.

The court voted 9-0 to affirm lower court rulings that found that antitrust law prevented the NCAA from restricting payments to athletes for items such as musical instruments or as compensation for internships. The justices rejected the NCAA’s argument that its players’ amateur status would be impossible to maintain if they could receive pay, even for education-related expenses.

“Put simply, this suit involves admitted horizontal price fixing in a market where the defendants exercise monopoly control,” Justice Neil Gorsuch wrote for the court.

The conservative justice, an appointee of former President Donald Trump, wrote that it was “unclear exactly what the NCAA seeks.”

“To the extent it means to propose a sort of judicially ordained immunity from the terms of the Sherman Act for its restraints of trade — that we should overlook its restrictions because they happen to fall at the intersection of higher education, sports, and money — we cannot agree,” Gorsuch wrote.

The outcome was largely expected following oral argument in March. The decision upheld an injunction imposed by a federal district court that barred the NCAA from limiting “compensation and benefits related to education.” The 9th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals earlier approved of the injunction.

In allowing the injunction, Gorsuch wrote that the NCAA can ask lawmakers to carve out an exception for it.

“The NCAA is free to argue that, ‘because of the special characteristics of [its] particular industry,’ it should be exempt from the usual operation of the antitrust laws — but that appeal is ‘properly addressed to Congress,'” Gorsuch wrote.

“Nor has Congress been insensitive to such requests. It has modified the antitrust laws for certain industries in the past, and it may do so again in the future,” Gorsuch wrote. “But until Congress says otherwise, the only law it has asked us to enforce is the Sherman Act, and that law is predicated on one assumption alone — ‘competition is the best method of allocating resources’ in the Nation’s economy.”

The case was originally brought by Shawne Alston, a former West Virginia running back, and other student athletes. The dispute, known as National Collegiate Athletic Assn. v. Alston, No. 20-512, is separate from the ongoing controversy over NCAA rules that restrict athletes from being paid to play or for doing endorsement deals.

The latter rules have not yet come before the Supreme Court, and the court’s opinion did not weigh on their legality.

However, Trump appointee Justice Brett Kavanaugh suggested in a blistering concurrence to Monday’s opinion that those rules may also run afoul of antitrust law. He wrote that “The NCAA is not above the law” and that “The NCAA’s business model would be flatly illegal in almost any other industry in America.”

“Everyone agrees that the NCAA can require student athletes to be enrolled students in good standing. But the NCAA’s business model of using unpaid student athletes to generate billions of dollars in revenue for the colleges raises serious questions under the antitrust laws,” Kavanaugh wrote.

He added that it was “highly questionable whether the NCAA and its member colleges can justify not paying student athletes a fair share of the revenues on the circular theory that the defining characteristic of college sports is that the colleges do not pay student athletes.”

“And if that asserted justification is unavailing, it is not clear how the NCAA can legally defend its remaining compensation rules,” Kavanaugh wrote.

Jen Psaki, the White House press secretary, said Monday that the White House was supportive of the Supreme Court’s decison, which she said recognized that athletes’ “hard work should not be exploited.”

“The president believes that everyone should be compensated fairly for his or her labor,” Psaki said.

Categories
Health

Moody’s Analytics on Covid outbreaks in Asia, Fed fee hikes in 2023

Asian countries need to tame the current waves of the coronavirus outbreak to prepare their economies for future rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve, an economist said Monday.

Fed officials said last week that rate hikes could happen as early as 2023, diverging from earlier comments in March that said the US Federal Reserve doesn’t expect a hike until at least 2024.

Higher US rates would attract overseas investors, and central banks in other countries may have to raise their own rates in defense. Raising interest rates could help countries prevent too much capital from leaving their economies, but increasing interest rates too quickly increases the risk of an economic slowdown.

“The Asian countries need to get Covid under control so that once the Federal Reserve starts raising interest rates, the economies here have an advantage and can make the transition,” said Steve Cochrane, chief economist for Asia-Pacific at Moody’s Analytics CNBC’s “Squawk Box Asia”.

Cochrane predicted that the US Federal Reserve could hike rates by 25 basis points once per quarter starting in 2023. The so-called dot plot of the expectations of individual Fed members indicated two rate hikes this year.

Asian countries need to get a grip on Covid so that as soon as the Federal Reserve raises interest rates, the economies have an advantage here and can also handle the transition.

Steve Cochrane

Chief Economist APAC, Moody’s Analytics

Many economies in Asia, including Japan, Taiwan and Malaysia, have seen a renewed spike in Covid cases in recent months – which has forced authorities to impose stricter social distancing measures. The new waves of infection come as vaccination progress in the region lags behind that in the US and Europe.

The World Bank said in a report this month that economic output in two-thirds of East Asian and Pacific countries will remain below pre-pandemic levels through 2022. Factors dampening potential economic growth in these countries include widespread Covid outbreaks and a collapse in global tourism, the bank said.

Cochrane noted that Covid outbreaks across the region are “stilling” domestic demand and keeping inflation moderate.

The economist said several Asian countries, including China, South Korea and Singapore, are stepping up Covid vaccinations. “It looks good, but it has to go on,” he said.

But other countries, including Thailand, Indonesia and the Philippines, have not effectively controlled the outbreak and do not yet have strong immunization programs, Cochrane added.

– CNBC’s Jeff Cox contributed to this report.

Categories
World News

Dow rallies 580 factors for finest day since March as market roars again from post-Fed sell-off

US stocks rose Monday as the market recouped some of the heavy losses caused by the Federal Reserve’s change of course.

The Dow Jones Industrial Average rose 586.89 points, or nearly 1.8%, to 33,876.97, marking its best day since March 5th. The blue chip benchmark bounced back from its worst week since October. The S&P 500 gained 1.4% to 4,224.79, within 1% of its record high after Monday’s comeback rally. The Nasdaq Composite was the relative underperformer, up 0.8% to 14,141.48 as some major tech companies like Amazon, Tesla, Nvidia and Netflix posted losses.

Commodity stocks, which were hit hard last week, led the market comeback on Monday as the S&P 500 energy sector rallied. Devon Energy was up nearly 7% while Occidental Petroleum was up about 5.4%. Games reopenings, including Norwegian Cruise Line and Boeing, both rose more than 3%. Banks, including JPMorgan, Bank of America, and Goldman Sachs, also rallied. The Russell 2000 small cap rose more than 2%.

These sectors, tied to the economic recovery, led the stocks to sell off last week. The S&P 500’s financial and raw materials sectors lost more than 6% for the week, while the energy sector was down more than 5% and the industrial sector was down more than 3%.

CNBC Pro’s Stock Picks and Investment Trends:

US stocks fell last week as investors digested new Fed economic forecasts and worried rate hikes could come earlier than expected. The central bank raised its inflation expectations last Wednesday and forecast interest rate hikes for 2023.

“The Fed-inspired sell-off seems excessive,” said Fiona Cincotta, senior financial analyst at City Index. “The Fed’s sudden hawkish shift last week with two rate hikes now expected in 2023 took the market by surprise.”

The President of the St. Louis Fed, Jim Bullard, told CNBC on Friday that it was natural for the central bank to tend a little more “hawkish” and see higher interest rates as early as 2022.

The Dow was down about 3.5% last week, while the S&P 500 and Nasdaq were down 1.9% and 0.2%, respectively, over the course of the week.

“The Fed’s ‘surprise’ move in tapering the markets down last week is only when a tightening trend is recognized that began months ago,” said Mike Wilson, chief strategist for US equities in a message. “Combined with the highest rate of change in economic and earnings revisions, this makes for a more difficult summer.”

The U.S. market was resilient on Monday amid an overnight decline in the Asian market and a sharp decline in Bitcoin. The Japanese Nikkei 225 fell as much as 4% at one point on Monday, with automakers Nissan and Honda taking the lead. It closed 3.3% lower.

Meanwhile, Bitcoin slipped more than 7% to $ 32,500 as China resumed crackdown on cryptocurrency mining.

The yield curve for government bonds flattened last week, hit the banks and sent a signal of a possible economic slowdown. Yields on shorter-term government bonds such as the 2-year bond rose – reflecting expectations for the Fed rate hike. Longer-term returns like the 10-year note fell – a sign of less optimism about economic growth.